1897.] NEW YORK ACADEMY OF SCIENCES. 351 



Insertion: By a strong aponeurotic lamella into the linea 

 alba, from the poststernum to the pubes, mesad and ventrad of 

 the Rectus muscle (PI. XXXY., fig. 1). 



The formation of the External Abdominal Ring, transmitting 

 a large spermatic cord with well-developed Cremaster muscle, is 

 peculiar. In approaching the pubes the fibres of the'External 

 Oblique aponeurosis diverge to form the large external abdomi- 

 nal ring, dividing as usual into a medial and lateral pillar. The 

 lateral pillar passes underneath the spermatic cord, receiving the 

 same in a shallow groove, and is inserted into the lateral part of 

 the cephalic surface of the pubic ramus. 



The medial pillar of each side, on approaching the median 

 line, divides into two well marked and perfectly distinct tendons. 



The lateral tendons of each side decussate on the cephalic 

 border of the pubic S3^mph3'sis,the left tendon being superficial, 

 and are inserted into the bone on each side of the median line 

 and into the ventral surface of the pubic symphysis. 



The medial tendon of the left side passes through a wide and 

 patent slit between the lateral and medial divisions of the right 

 internal pillar, without uniting with the same, and is inserted into 

 the cephalic margin of the right superior pubic ramus, behind 

 the abdominal ring and spermatic cord, constituting a Trian- 

 gular Ligament (Uolles^ ligament) of considerable strength and 

 width. The same arrangement exists on the opposite side, on a 

 somewhat deeper plane, the medial division of the right tendon 

 passing behind that of the left to form the triangular ligament of 

 the opposite side. 



The order in which the decussation occurs from before back- 

 wards is therefore: 



1. Lateral division of Left Internal pillar. 



2. Lateral division of Right Internal pillar. 



3. Medial division of Left Internal pillar. 



4. Medial division of Right Internal pillar. 



The medial tendon of the Left internal pillar passes entirely 

 free through the slit between the medial and lateral tendons of 

 the right pillar, no adhesion or intermingling of the aponeurotic 

 fibres taking place. The arrangement just detailed suggests the 

 correct interpretation of the Triangular Ligament ov Ligament 

 of Golles of Anthropotomy. The derivation of this ligament, 

 forming the background of the External abdominal ring, from 

 the aponeurosis of the External Oblique of the opposite side, not 

 from a reflexion of Gimbernat's ligament, cannot be doubted in 

 face of the arrangement of the corresponding parts in this 

 Lemur. Malgaigne and Cruveilhier have so described the 

 human triangular ligament, and their interpretation is unques- 

 tionablv correct. 



