LECTURES. 5 1 



as near the scene of his crime as could be allowed. This was in what 

 was then the marshes behind Clarence Square. One day the body 

 and chains were missing, being removed by the relatives of the 

 murderer. Search was in vain. The one place where nobody looked 

 was in the ground just under the gibbet, where years afterwards they 

 were found a few feet below the surface. 



Besides the oldest part of S. Mary's Church another relic of these 

 far-past times was found when some alterations were being made near 

 the Old Market House, now destroyed, when a large stone was dis- 

 covered with Norman devices and the date 1107 clearly visible. 



Of the middle ages, though Gloucestershire is full of relics, we 

 have no traces in Cheltenham, though we may visit the picturesque 

 Church of Leckhampton, and view in its interior an interesting 

 effigy of a crusader. The Wars of the Roses are usually regarded as 

 the close of the middle ages, and in this tragic drama Cheltenham 

 was interested, in the fact that Edward IV. passed through it on May 

 3rd, 147 1, the day before the Battle of Tewkesbury. Here it was 

 that he heard that Queen Margaret's army was within an easy march 

 of him. Toil-stained and travel-worn though his army was, it pro- 

 ceeded on its way, after slight refreshment, and having spent the night 

 at or near Tredington, won the Battle of Tewkesbury the next day on 

 what is still locally known as the Bloody Meadow. 



In the reign of Queen Elizabeth, although the borough lost its 

 two representatives, it was regarded as of sufficient importance for 

 the worthy Richard Pate to make provision for the education of the 

 young and the comfort of the old in the foundation of the Grammar 

 School and the Alms House. Few of you probably remember the 

 quaint old building of Elizabethan date that stood in the High Street 

 with " Schola Grammatica " carved on its front — and even though we 

 may congratulate the School on their commodious and handsome new 

 buildings, we must regret the departure of the old. Some of the con- 

 ditions of the original foundation are very quaint. In order to secure 

 the diligence of the Schoolmaster it is ordered " that if at any time 

 hereafter there shall not be placed at, and remaining to be taught in 

 the said School the number of 50 Scholars at the least, of whom 4 

 at the least shall have knowledge of Greek and Latin tongues, and 

 be able to make exercises of form and verse in these tongues and 

 speak the Latin tongue extempore ; and 4 others able to translate any 

 piece of familiar English speech into Latin, and 4 others able to 

 make a sentence of true Latin between the nominative case of the 

 verb ; and 14 others able and ready to learn the rules and accidence 



