32 RELICS OF THE STONE AGE IN NOVA SCOTIA—PIERS. 
cutting tools. Owing to this uncertainty as to the method of use, 
Dr. Wilson of the U. 8S. National Museum, in his Study of Pre- 
historic Archeology (1890), treats of all these implements under. 
the general head of “arrow- or spear-heads, or knives.” 
Two specimens (Figs. 1—2) are leaf-shaped with rounded 
(convex) bases. The proportions and finish of one of these 
(Fig. 2) makes it possible that it may have been a leaf-shaped 
implement either intended to be hafted as a knife, or else inserted 
in the head of a club. In appearance it resembles some of the 
paleolithic implements of Europe, and it probably belongs to 
that hitherto much neglected class of aboriginal remains which 
Dr. Wilson considers to be indicative of a paleolithie period in 
American archeology. Professor Wilson’s researches in this 
direction are most interesting and important, and open a new 
and wide field for investigation.* 
Another specimen (length 1‘8in.) is straight-sided with a 
slightly coneave base (Fig. 3). Five well-formed specimens (Figs. 
4-8) are notched at the sides near the base. This class includes both 
the largest and the smallest example (2°75—1°2 ins.). The former 
(Fig. 4) would have been grouped with the spear-heads but for 
its slight proportions. A sixth specimen (Fig. 9) is broken, but 
possibly belongs to this class. Only one (Fig. 10) is stemmed and 
has a slightly concave base. The stem, like the notched sides 
before mentioned, was to facilitate the attachment of the head 
toa shaft. The last specimen to be considered, is barbed and 
stemmed (Fig. 11). It is 150 inch in length, and is neatly 
chipped from an olive-green or slightly smoky-coloured mate- 
rial, which from the smooth, curved surface of one side, and 
other appearances, seems to be nothing but bottle-glass. 
An interesting account of the bows and arrows of our Indians 
is found in the quaint account of the old French advocate before 
quoted. The bows, saith Lesearbot, “be strong and without 
fineness.” “ As for arrows,” continueth he, “it is an admirable 
* Vide Thomas Wilson’s ‘“‘ Results of an Inquiry as to the existence of Man in North 
America during the Paleolithic Period of the Stone Age.” (Report of U.S. Nat. 
Museum, 1887-88). 
