RELICS OF THE STONE AGE IN NOVA SCOTIA—PIERS. 41 
One incomplete specimen of the second type bears a longi- 
tudinal groove on the flat side, extending to within nearly 2°50 
inches of the cutting edge (Fig. 46). I have never before seen a 
groove thus cut on a Nova Scotian implement of this kind. 
It may have been intended to lodge the crooked portion of a 
handle, thus gaining greater firmness, or possibly it once extended 
so as to form a gouge at the missing end, as remarkably 
instanced in two gouges, referred to hereafter. The latter 
explanation, however, does not seem probable. It may be that 
the tapered end or butt having been broken off, the groove was 
formed in order to again haft the remaining part in the manner 
just suggested ; otherwise the re-hafted fragment would doubtless 
have slipped in its lashings. A short transverse groove, however, 
would have answered the purpose, and probably could have been 
more easily made. 
A well-formed specimen (Fig. 47) of the second type, propor- 
tionately broader than other implements of the kind, has a boss 
near the middle of the convex side, which would help to retain 
the lashing in place. At the point of the butt there is a slight 
prominence for the same purpose. This is additional evidence 
of the adze method of hafting. An implement of the first or 
broader type, exhibits a similar knob on the same side, near the 
butt (Fig. 22). A gouge (Fig 63) in the collection also has two 
well-defined bosses, one near the butt and the other near the 
middle. One or two other gouges have slightly raised transverse 
ridges for the same purpose. This indicates that some form of 
gouges, at least, were hafted like adzes. 
A couple of implements resembling the second type, are 
somewhat rectangular in transverse section (Figs. 49 and 50). 
A thin celt, 6 inches long and ‘65 of an inch thick, shown in 
Fig. 51, was possibly used as a chisel. Two other specimens 
(Figs. 53 and 54), measuring respectively 11:25 and 12 inches, 
are very rough. One,paleolithic in appearance, is merely chipped 
into form. The other (Fig. 53) is doubtless a natural form, and 
would have been rejected from the present account were it not 
for indications that the larger end had been artificially brought 
