OF LINNEUS, OCCURRING IN NOVA SCOTIA—SOMERS. 177 
which are marked with three prominences, or vesicles, at the top, 
and contain three seeds.’ We have in the above a perfect 
description of our arborescent juniper drawn by a master hand. 
Periera, English medical authority, thus describes Juniperus 
communis :—“ Leaves three, in a whorl, spreading, linear, 
subulate, mucronate, longer than the galbulus; a bushy shrub, 
flowers sessile, axillary, male and female flowers separate ; fruit 
called a berry, in botany a galbulus, requires two seasons to 
arrive at maturity, black with blue bloom not more than half 
the length of the leaves.” 
Louden, in his Arboriticum, Vol. LV., p. 2489, mentions seven 
varieties, some of which he says are probably distinct species. 
“One juniper, Nana (Smith), procumbent stems, imbricated, 
incurved ; leaves, linear, lanceolate, fruit nearly as long as the 
leaves, endigiment in mountains.” 
Prof. Amos Eaton, Manual of Botany, sixth edition, pub. 
Albany, 1833, by Oliver Stub, gives, from an American view, a 
diagnosis like that of Linnezus, though he calls the plant 
“ Juniperus communis, Willd.” He mentions two varieties :— 
“ Var. 1, erecta, branches erect. 
“ 9, depressa, branches prostrate, or horizontal.” He 
gives no details as to appearance of erecta, except the above. 
Wood, in his class book, gives “a shrub, with numerous 
prostrate branches, growing in dry woods and on hills, often 
rising in a slender pyramid six to eight feet high.” He quotes 
Robbins as saying it is rarely arborescent. This, of Wood, agrees 
with our shrub. He gives no varieties. Gray is very indefinite. 
After the usual diagnosis he says: ‘“ Low shrub, ascending or 
spreading on the ground (Europe).” It requires some botanical 
skill to evolve our juniper out of this. 
Taking all the above statements into consideration, I am of 
opinion we have two varieties of Juniperus communis, Linn. ; 
one most common, decumbent, the other uncommon, shrubby. 
Since writing the above I have received from Prof. George 
Lawson, LL. D., the following valuable information which he 
