TRANSACTIONS 
OF THE 
Aova Scotian Enstitute of Science. 
SESSION OF 1896-97. 
J—On THE RELATION OF THE PHysICAL PROPERTIES OF 
AQUEOUS SOLUTIONS TO THEIR STATE OF IONIZATION.— 
By Proressor J. G. MacGrecor, Dalhousie College, 
Halifax, N. 8. 
(Communicated 14th December, 1896.) 
It has often been pointed out that, according to the dissocia- 
tion or ionization conception of the constitution of a solution of 
an electrolyte, the difference between the physical properties of 
one in which ionization is complete and those of the solvent 
must be compounded additively of the differences produced by 
the two ions. It would seem to be equally obvious that, in the 
ease of solutions in which the ionization is not complete, the 
differences referred to must be similarly compounded of those 
produced by the undissociated molecules and by the free ions ; 
and if so, it should be possible to express the numerical values 
of the various properties in terms of the state of ionization. 
Such an expression would take its simplest form in the case of 
solutions so dilute that the molecules, dissociated or undisso- 
ciated, might be regarded as sufficiently far apart to render 
mutual action between them impossible, and in these circum- 
stances the change produced in the properties of the solvent by 
the undissociated and the dissociated molecules respectively 
might be expected to be simply proportional to their respective 
numbers per unit of volume. It is the object of this paper to 
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