66 



THE OREGON NATURALISI". 



when, perhaps, there was no human eye 

 to see it all. 1 say perhaps because if 

 some readers eyes are sharp enough, he 

 may fmd some implement of stone orsome 

 such token, buried along with the wood, 

 in which case it would be very necessary 

 to be sure of the depth and the kind of 

 material it was associated with. 



In order, then, to satisfy curiosity, 

 though not idle, I hope, I took the wood 

 and cut some very thin slices of it with a 

 razor, and these 1 placed, after proper pre- 

 paration, under a microscope and it was 

 soon evident that the trees which produced 

 these specimens, at least, were of the kind 

 to which are closely related the spruce, fir, 

 pine and their cousins. Let us see how this 

 may be determined, if we take a piece of 



So it appears that these ancient lanscapes 

 were beautified by a clothing of evergreens! 



It is hoped that some will be stimulated 

 to make collections of the different 

 materials found in wells and the depth at 

 which they are found. All such facts and 

 specimens will be of great value when the 

 time comes for unravelling the later ge- 

 ological history of Oregon. 



FRANCIS E. LLOYD, 



Pacific University, 

 Forest Grove, Or. 



SOME HAIDA TATTOO MARKS. 



[Extracts from the Tenth Annual Report of 

 the Bureau of Ethnology. ] 



''During the summer of 1884, Dr. Hoffman, 

 met at Port Townsend, Washington, a party 

 of Haida Indians, from Queen Charlottes 

 Islands, who were encamped there for a short 

 time. Most of them were tattooed after the 

 manner of the Haidas, the breast, back, fore- 



FIG. 3, 138 fi. 



pine or cedar in this same way, we shall 

 find upon examination that many of the 

 vessels making up the wood are marked 

 with rows of double concentric circles. 

 These are termed by botanists "bordered 

 pits" and are means of communication be- 

 tween the contiguous vessels. Pits of this 

 particular form are very characteristic of 

 the cone-bearing trees. They are as re- 

 presented in Fig. I. 



Now, on comparing the specimens taken 

 from the wells with pine and cedar, 

 it was found that these same bordered pits 

 were present and the drawings reproduced 

 in Figs. 2 and 3 were made by means of 

 a camera lucida, and are magnified about 

 300 times. 



MOUNTAIN nOAT, 



