386 Report of the Horticulturist op the 



before the buds open, we have used one pound of copper sulphate to 

 eleven gallons of water, with good success. Do not prepare it in 

 iron vessels. 



Ikon Sulphate, or Copperas, Solution. — This solution will 

 injure foliage and, like the copper sulphate solution, it is used 

 only before the leaves put forth. It is commonly used as a satu- 

 rated solution, that is to say, a solution made by allowing the water 

 to take up all of the copperas that it is able to dissolve. This has 

 been used against raspberry anthracnose and grape anthracnose 

 before the buds open. 



Corrosive Sublimate Solution (Bichloride of Mercury). — 

 This substance is very poisonous and care should be taken in hand- 

 ling it the same as in handling Paris green or London purple. The 

 solution is used for soaking seed potatoes to kill the fungus which 

 causes potato scab. One ounce of the corrosive sublimate is used 

 for seven and a half or eight gallons of water. The seed is soaked 

 for an hour in this solution. It dissolves more readily in hot 

 water and may then be diluted to the required amount. It should 

 be used^ in wooden or earthen vessels, not in metal. The solution 

 may be used over and over again. 



Potassium Sulphide Solution. — This solution has given good re- 

 sults in treating gooseberry 'mildew and various other mildews. It 

 may be sprayed on the foliage at the strength herewith given, with no 

 fear of injurious results. One ounce of the sulphide is used for two 

 gallons of water. It dissolves more readily in hot water than in cold. 



Insecticides. 



Insects that chew their food are conmionly fought by applying 

 poison to their food. Among the prominent insecticides that are 

 used in this way are Hellebore, London purple and Paris green. 



Insects that suck their food pierce through the skin of the foliage 

 with their mouth-parts and suck the juices of the leaf so that they 

 are not injured by poisons that may be applied to the surface of the 

 23ortion of the plant on which they feed. Aphis and the pear psylla 

 belong to this class of insects. Against such insects kerosene emul- 

 sion is commonly used. 



The following insecticides have been mentioned on previous pages : 



Carbon Bisulphide. — The use of this substance is advocated for 

 destroying the bean and pea weevils. It is highly explosive and no 

 kind of fire or light should be allowed near it. It is a heavy, color- 

 less liquid and the offensive fumes which it gives off are heaviar 



