New York Agricultural Experiment Station. 563 



breaks up a very large proportion of the cells, and throws many of 

 the pupiB to the surface where birds find them readily enough or 

 where they perish during the winter. Where they are not thrown 

 to the surface they are brought into direct contact with the soil^ 

 which, by freezing and thawing, will crush or otherwise destroy 

 them. Very early spring plowing, when frost follows, is sometimes 

 quite effective, but plowing after all frost, while it will kill a certain 

 proportion by crushing, and will expose another quantity to their 

 enemies, will leave uninjured a very large proportion of the pupae." 

 He also adds : "The essential factor in the destruction of the pupse 

 is to break up the cells, which brings the surrounding earth into 

 direct contact with them. Therefore the first freeze will probably 

 complete the work of destruction by crushing the insect. So long 

 as the cell remains entire, extremes of cold will not injure it." 



It is well to keep in mind that the more larvae and moths 

 destroyed in the spring the better. In small fields, the pests may 

 be kept under control with comparative ease by cutting open the 

 husks of infested ears and destroying the worms. 



Remedies Which Have Been Tested for the Corn- Worm When 

 Attacking the Tomato. 



In the United States Agricultural Report for 1888, p. 143, Prof. 

 S. M. Tracy, of the Mississippi Agricultural College, gives the re- 

 sults of his experiments with various insecticides to be used against 

 the corn-worm when attacking tomatoes. Of those tested the most 

 successful were Paris green, London purple and kerosene emulsion. 

 The Paris green and London purple were applied both dry and sus- 

 pended in water. His accounts of the experiments with these rem- 

 edies are as follows : 



''Paris green, dry and in suspension, in forty and fifty gallons 

 of water to a pound of poison, apparently killed half of the young 

 worms, but a large number escaped. The mixture in sixty gallons 

 of water accomplished but little, 



''London purple,'m suspension, produced somewhat more marked 

 effects than did the Paris green, but was less effective when applied 



dry. 



"Kerosene eynulsions.—The&e were much more effective than any 

 others of the applications made. When the emulsions were diluted 

 with twcr.ty-five, forty and fifty parts of water, nearly eveiy worm 



