616 Keport of Entomologists of the 



trees, and 'should ^be carefully tested on all plants witli tliin bark 

 before being recommended for general use against scale insects. 

 As far as tested it is the most effective remedy for scale insects 

 during their dormant condition. Mr. Foulk thinks it can be safely 

 applied to apple and pear trees, excepting the young twigs, at any 

 season or stage of growth, and if applied to the old scales during the 

 winter no young will ever issue. 



The experience of Keene & Foulk demonstrate that kerosene 

 emulsion, diluted with three parts water, applied even in winter is 

 very unsafe and by no means certain in its results. In the tests 

 made by the United States Division of Entomology only pure kero- 

 sene emulsion killed all of the " Pernicious Scales." It also killed 

 the trees. 



Poor results from the use of kerosene emulsion often occur, 

 which can be traced to some slight detail in its manufacture, such as 

 too much lime in the soap or in the water used, or to improper 

 emulsifying. Hence the above results are given simply as they 

 occurred and not to condemn kerosene emulsion for all purposes. 



Crude petroleum emulsion is more expensive than kerosene emul- 

 sion. It will be a more dangerous remedy to use than kerosene 

 emulsion. 



(d) Miscellaneous ISTotes. 



Fi'om the foregoing report the natural conclusion must be that 

 Messrs. Keene & Foulk of Flushing have made strenuous efforts 

 to rid their stock of the " Pernicious " or " San Jose Scale." The 

 destroying of their worst infested stock, together with the unfortu- 

 nate test of linseed oil and kerosene emulsion, has reduced their stock 

 nearly one-half. They are practically free from the pest. It only 

 remains to watch their stock another season in order to be sure 

 that stock grown from cuttings, put out last spring, and the young 

 budded stock has not accidently become infested. They are taking 

 the extra precaution to dip in whale-oil soap solution, all cuttings of 

 ornamental shrubbery which they expect to put out. 



Up to November 10th Parsons & Sons Nursery Co., of Flushing, 

 hajd simply destroyed their worst infested stock. This stock was 

 marked for them. Since November 10th they have been dipping in 

 a solution of whale-oil soap the stock used to till orders. How 

 thoroughly this work has been done can not be determined until 



