8 APPLE, 



markings at the anal angle of the wing, and likewise near the apex. 

 Three or four days after emerging, the moths are stated to begin 

 laying eggs (mostly at night) on the leaves, which eggs hatch in about 

 a week or rather more, and soon after hatching the caterpillars begin 

 to feed on the skin of the leaf, usually on the under side. A little 

 later the caterpillar spins a tube of silk, usually made alongside 

 the midrib of the leaf, and open at both ends, from which it comes 

 out to feed, and so continues to feed till some time in August or 

 September. Then the caterpillars desert the leaves, and prepare their 

 winter homes by spinning silken cases on the twigs, as previously 

 mentioned, from which (as mentioned, p. 7) they issue forth in spring 

 to attack the opening buds. 



This completes the life-history of the whole year, as recorded from 

 observations in Canada and the United States of America, with some 

 small amount of similar observation taken in our own country. 



Peevention and Kemedies. — The simplest and best remedy, 

 wherever the attacked parts are in reach, is to break off the bunch of 

 infested blossom stems and leaves, which, as above mentioned, may be 

 known by their withered or drooping and spun-together state, and to 

 burn these. If this is done before the time comes for the moth to 

 emerge from the chrysalis, a great deal of coming attack will be 

 prevented. 



Where the infested shoots are out of reach, and the above-mentioned 

 plan consequently impracticable, the application of arsenical sprays is 

 advised by Prof. Slingerland (see paper quoted in note, p. 7). This, 

 he says, to be of service will necessitate at least two thorough appli- 

 cations be/ore the flowers open, and he gives the following recipe: — "If 

 Paris-green only is applied, use about one pound to two hundred 

 gallons [of water] , and always add two or three pounds of freshly 

 slaked lime, to prevent the burning effects of the free arsenic in the 

 Paris-green. Take especial pains to thoroughly wet the buds on the 

 smallest twigs. With at least two thorough applications of Paris- 

 green before the flowers open, we believe this insect can be effectively 

 checked for the season. Do not spray when the trees are in bloom, as 

 many honey-bees may be killed." — (M. V. S.) 



Also, it may be added that spraying when the blossoms are ex- 

 panded may greatly interfere with the proper setting of the fruit. 



Somewhat recently I was informed by a correspondent that the 

 name of Paris- green was not always understood, and that consequently 

 there was a difficulty sometimes in procuring the drug. This difficulty 

 I should have thougbt would have passed away by this time; but still 

 it may save trouble to mention that Paris-green, Emerald-green, and 

 Schweinfurth-green are different names for the same thing, that is. 



