56 



I'LOUK AND GRAIN BEETLES. 



[1899 



of absolutely making sure how the matter stands is something 

 enormous. 



Here we come to the point at which the amount of technical know- 

 ledge procurable in an hour or two's study from such a trustworthy 

 and plainly worded publication as that referred to in note, p. 54, and 

 investigations based on the knowledge would save constant loss and 

 trouble. In my papers I have reports on condition of cargoes from 

 stevedores, weighers, and samplers, whose porters landed cargo, and 

 others too numerous to specify, but it is to a very slight extent that we 

 get from such sources reliable evidence as to the amount or nature of 

 insect presence. But the representative of those interested could very 

 easily see to all that is needed, and amongst other points distinguish 

 by five minutes' study between the injurious infestations and one 

 which, when occurring in infested flour cargoes, there appears con- 

 stantly so much more reason to believe is at least to some degree 

 beneficial, that I give some notes on it in the following paper. 



"Cadelle"; Bread Beetle (German). Tenebrioides (Trogosita) 

 mauritanicu):;, L. 



Tenebeioidks jxauritanicus. — 1, beetle ; 2, larva : magnified, with lines 

 showing natural leuoth. 



The name of "Cadelle" appears to be now given to T. mauritanicus, 

 both in beetle and larval state ; but in the early days of its observation 

 this name was more especially bestowed upon the larva. The infesta- 

 tion is to be found in this country in bakers' shops, granaries, &c., 

 but it is considered to be an imported species, and whether or not it 

 was originally introduced to us from Africa, it has long been abundant 

 in that country, as well as in America, and in a great part of Europe. 



Its scientific appellation, which was in former days Trogosita mmiri- 

 tallica, has more recently been exchanged, for technical entomological 

 reasons, to that of Tenebrioides manritanicus, and recent investigations 

 of its habits, on which opinions formerly greatly difi'ered (or on which 

 the observations were only imperfect), have now proved that both in 



