86 MILLS. [1899 



thousands of the cocoons were found adherent to the walls, joists, posts, 

 ceilings, in every nail-hole, cracks in floors, partitions, machinery, 

 furniture, throughout the whole building"; also in sample-boxes of 

 cardboard, in small and large bags, and in flour stored anywhere 

 throughout the building the pest was abundantly present. 



On a lesser or greater scale, as the case may be, whether in roller 

 mills, bakeries, flour warehouses, or wherever flour of the kind infested 

 by E. kuhnieUti is stored, the pest may now exceedingly likely be found, 

 and one preventive measure strongly advised is, where danger of intro- 

 duction is suspected, to quarantine the (joods or bays in a u'arm place for 

 a sufficient length of time for the infestation, if present, to show itself, 

 and for measures to be taken accordingly. 



Also it is most strongly advised (where cause exists for suspicion) 

 to have the consignment, whether large or small, inspected by a 

 qualified examiner, and if infested refused. The presence of this kind 

 of caterpillar may be distinguished to a great degree by their ros]i or 

 reddish colour. In the official pamphlet of Mons. Danysz, he notes 

 that this is a quite trustworthy guide. In my own observations I 

 have found the younger caterpillars flesh or pale red colour, and the 

 largest almost white ; but in infested consignments quite sufficient of 

 the caterpillars would still be in the obviously reddish stage to draw 

 attention of all concerned to the matter, and the details of appearance 

 and habits given at pp. 81 and 82 would be quite enough to pronounce 

 on, even for legal depositions. 



If in the case of the two shipments from the Adriatic port, men- 

 tioned at p. 85, these were sent on to customers ; they must have carried 

 the infestation with them, and the refusal of infested goods is most 

 strongly dwelt on in the official pamphlets of other countries now 

 before me as an important preventive measure. 



Another point is that all bags which have been used for transporting 

 grain, flour, or meal should not be admitted unless subjected under 

 inspection to thorough boiling, superheated steam, baking, or other 

 treatment which is absolutely certain to destroy the eggs or caterpillar, 

 or infestation in any stage, which may be within or attached to them. 



In the constant traffic to and fro connected with flour sent from 

 mills, warehouses, &c., to small depots, especially to bakeries, there is 

 every probability of the range of infestation being constantly increased, 

 and I can speak from personal knowledge of the infestation in bakers' 

 stores being allowed to continue as if it was of no consequence]; and 

 whether or not (in the constant replacement of supplies) this matters 

 to the owner, the infested bins and storing places make a constant 

 centre of spread of infestation to returned sacks or bags. 



In cases like the above, ordinary methods of purification would be 

 of great service — such, for instance, as use of scalding hot water, 



