92 



PEAR. 



[1899 



Thirdly, the vitally and enormously important point of regularly 



disinfecting sacks, or bags, used in transmission of flour to and 



fro from mills, warehouses, bakeries, &c. This in itself would 



greatly lessen infestation. 



Fourthly, "cleanliness," as it is described; i.e. frequent washing 



of walls and every possible surface with whitewash, mixed with 



paraffin, carbolic acid, or any ordinary insect deterrent. 



All these would help, and, while I trust that I have verified all the 



points suggested so carefully that I may not be thought presumptuous 



in bringing them forward for consideration, I should like to add that 



I should be truly grateful for any corrections or additions which I 



might be kindly favoured with, to help me to be of greater assistance 



in the severe cases of infestation, in which, under promise of business 



confidence, my suggestions are applied for; or (if desired) for preparing 



a leaflet for gratuitous distribution. 



PEAR. 



Pear Gnat Midge. Diphsis pyrivora, Riley; Cecidnmyia nigra?, 

 Meigen and Schmidberger ; C. pyricoia ? , Nordlinger. 



DiPLOsis PYRIVORA. — Female, magnified ; lines showing natural size. Larva and 

 pupa, magnified. Abortive Pear. Gnat and pupa, after Prof. Riley. 



It will be well in the remembrance of many Pear growers, that in 

 the year 1898 the attack of the maggots of the Pear Gnat Midge was 

 more prevalent (especially in the midlands and more southerly part 

 of England) and more seriously injurious to the young forming Pears 

 than in any year since 1883, when the attack was first entomologically 

 recorded as present, although not to any serious amount in this country. 



In the following year, that which is just past — namely, 1899 — 



