1900] KTKM KKI-WOItM. 86 



IL iw uliiioHt iuipthSHiblo i'ur anyoiio biii a BkiJlcd HpecialiaL to 

 determine truHtwortliily the speciex of EolwormH which may bo proHont; 

 thcroforo, on the lirHt ol^KorvatioriH of tiiiH Kind of attack to J5(!aiiH 

 being sent to mo in 1890, I forwarded Hpocimens to the woll-loiown 

 nematologist, iJr. J. Ititzoma 13os, Director of tlie Pliyto-pathological 

 Laboratory at AmHtt-'idani, who was good enough to (jxamine the 

 specimens for mo, and found amongst them tiie male, which, as 

 mentioned above, ))0S80sseH a hursn. 



Therefore, as Dr. Uit/ema iioH wrote, " tiie l^jolworm whicli infestH 

 the JJeans is a 'J'yli'nrJius" ] and furilier : " TIjc diinciiiHions of the 

 various parts of the body, the rehxtions between the Icngtli and tho 

 breadtli, and the ahsohite length of the TjoI worms, are such that I have 

 no doubt at all that I he JOilwonn. which inJ'cHl.i (he HeaiiH in {jiiHl uh you 

 supposed) 'J'ylcnchiis <levaiit((trix" (J. K. Ji.). 



The plants from which those specimens were taken were, like those 

 forwarded to me in the past season, much stunted and deformed in 

 growth, even down to being, in one instance, only four inches high, the 

 stem being flattened and widened and swelled at the base. Another 

 specimen had eight side shoots frf>m six inches length of main stem, 

 these being so placed that the whole plant with its shoots and pods 

 had a kind of oval fan-shape. Borne of the pods were straight and 

 rightly shaped, but a large proportion of them were stunted and 

 distorted, and some of them were scarcely as much as three-quarters 

 of an inch in length. A fairly healthy plant which was sent accom- 

 panying served as a kind of scale of measurement of the damage to the 

 infested samples. In this case the stem was over three feet and a half 

 in length, thus showing a stunted growth of about two and a half feet 

 or more caused by J^jclworm infestation. 



The condition of tiie Dean plants distorted and stunted by this 

 infestation is something quite unmistakable, and for oU piarikal. 

 purposes (as with Tulip-root in Oat plants, and Stem-sickness in Clover) 

 the characteristic altered growth, joined to the coiidition of the inside 

 of the stem, and the nuinber of i'jelworms which may be seen with 

 even an inch power of magnifier is sufficient for determination of the 

 nature of tho attack. It is of useful interest to notice how often u 

 widened and also shortened stem growth, with undiminished number 

 of buds developed along it, show presence of Eelworm attack. 



Prevention anu Remedies. — No special treatment with regard to 

 prevention of Eelworm presence in Dean plants has been brought 

 forward either in tho past season or in 1890, when we had the first 

 definite observations of this crop being subject to attack. Dut from 

 all we have loijg known of the habits of this T. devastatrix, it is pre- 

 sumable that the same methods of prevention or of remedy (if applied 



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