32-4 Report of the Horticulturist of the 



the ordinary commercial grades of first, seconds and culls, but 

 separate account was kept of those which were thrown out of 

 the firsts on account of the scab injury and of those which were 

 thrown out of the seconds for the same reason. These records 

 concerning the foliage and fruit were kept for all trees in the 

 orchard, but only the five varieties mentioned above are reported 

 for the reasons already given. 



Observations were also made on the color, keeping qualities 

 and yield of the fruit from treated and untreated sections, al- 

 though these have no bearing on the subject under investigation. 



The Foliage. 



In estimating the condition of the foliage the complete loss of 

 leaves was rated as 100 per cent injury. No record of the con- 

 dition of the foliage in 1893 was kept. In 1891 observations were 

 made not only in September but also in June, following three 

 weeks of rainy, dark weather, unfavorable to healthy growth of 

 foliage and favorable to the spread of the scab. The average 

 condition of the foliage in treated and untreated sections is shown 

 in Table I. 



In 1896 the foliage on both treated and untreated trees was 

 practically perfect, even Fall Pippin showing but a very slight 

 injury. In 1894 and 1897 the treated Baldwin ranked slightly 

 better than the untreated and the two classes graded about alike 

 in 1895. In the treated sections Fall Pippin showed a gain every 

 year. Rhode Island Greening showed a slight improvement each 

 year, Roxbury Russet showed no improvement and Northern Spy 

 ranked about the same in both classes, except that in 1894 the 

 condition of the foliage in the untreated sections averaged some- 

 what better than in the treated sections. The most marked im- 

 provement in the treated sections appears when the June and 

 September condition of the foliage in 1894 are compared. From 

 May 16 to June 5, a period of twenty-one days, it rained every 

 day. During this time there was less than the normal amount 

 of sunshine and the temperature was lower than the average. 

 The trees were sprayed with London purple, 1 pound to 180 gal- 



