BLACK APHIS} COLLIER, 51 
For dressings to the leaves when attack is present, sulphur, dusted 
‘on the leaves when the dew is on, has been found to act well; also a liberal 
sprinkling of soot early in the morning when the leaves are damp has 
‘answered well. Hellebore powder is a good remedy so far as clearing 
the caterpillars is concerned, but being a poison should only be used 
by those who can be absolutely sure there is no risk of the powder 
remaining on the berries when gathered for use. Hot lime also, dusted 
on the leaves, does good; and other ordinary insecticides, wet and dry, 
‘which have previously been specified, and which will occur, indeed, 
without specification to all fruit-growers. 
But, from the numerous letters sent me in the past season, there 
‘appear to’ bea few leading points in prevention and remedy that need 
to be much more attended to. Clearing the cocoons out bodily from 
under infested bushes is of the greatest importance; also that powder 
dressings should be thrown so as to adhere, that is, when the leafage is 
damp; and also sufficient attention is not paid to the lime being 
“used hot. 
MANGOLDS. 
Black Aphis; Collier. Aphis rumicis, Linn. 
. Aputs RumIcts.—1, infested Bean-shoot; 2 and 3, male, nat. size and magnified ; 
4, female. 
In the earlier days of Mangold-growing in this country, this crop 
“was considered to be remarkable for its freedom from insect attacks. 
‘Whether this was the case, or whether it was simply that the infesta- 
tions -were not observed, is doubtful, but during the past few years 
several infestations have shown themselves which had been little, if at 
E 2 
