116 HORSE AND CATTLE FLIES. 
the hair at the back of the neck in preference to other parts, and 
there it remains motionless, and apparently engaged with its head in 
contact with the skin, and its tail just peeping out through the hairs. 
It appears very stupid, and is with difficulty dislodged, and will leave 
the spot reluctantly when disturbed, and return to it agaim. Some 
dogs detest the fiy, and get excited on its approach, whilst others take 
but little notice of it, and this is especially the case with parmahs or 
common dogs.” 
The above notes of amount of infestation as noticed respectively on 
horses and on dogs refer, it will be observed, to the “‘Spotted”* Indian 
kind, the H. maculata, regarding which Dr. Spooner Hart was writing; 
this, like our eqguina, appears to be especially the pest of horses, whilst 
the Cachar kind, the canina, though not limited to dogs, appears 
somewhat to prefer them. 
The tearing and grasping apparatus with which the foot of the 
Indian Forest Fly is furnished appears to be quite as effective as that 
of our British species, as will be seen by turning to the figure of a 
claw of the maculata (at p. 99) showing the file-like side furrows and 
saw-edge. 
Looking at some.of the chief points of distinction between the 
three foregoing kinds of Forest Fly, it would appear that for general 
purposes they might be pretty surely known one from the other as 
follows :— 
The H. canina, or Dog Forest Fly, smaller than either of the two 
other kinds, paler, and the whole of the upper surface of the scutellum 
whitish. 
The H. eguina, or Forest Fly (of this country), is of various shades 
of pitchy, with yellow marks on the fore body, and the seutelium is 
dark, with one large central pale patch. 
The H. maculata, the Indian Forest Fly, is pitchy or blackish, with 
many yellow spots on the fore body, and the scutellum is pitchy or 
blackish, with three pale spots, the ceniral spot being much the largest. 
The considerations of prevention and remedy turn noi only on use 
of applications to deter attack, and of treatment by which infestation 
when present can be got rid of, but also on such management of horses 
unused to the attack (when brought to an infested locality) as may 
make them acquainted with it without more danger or disturbance 
than can be helped. 
Notes from various residents in the New Forest and its neighbour- 
hood as to applications known io be of practical service, and regularly 
used in that especially infested locality, are given im the foregoimg 
pages, especially at pp. 103 and 105, in the contributions of Mr. Gibb, 
ee ont. eee" ed hs Qe eee on i ene eee 
