134 HORSE AND CATTLE FLIES. 
ESTRIDA.—Warble and Bot Flies. 
Hypoderma diana, Brauer ; Deer Warble Fly (Deer). 
Cephenomyia rufibarbis, Meigen ; Throat Bot Fly (Deer). 
Hypoderma bovis, De Geer; Warble Fly (Ox). 
Hypoderma lineata, Villers; Warble Fly (Ox). 
Hypoperma Bovis.—l, egg; 2, maggot; 3 and 4, chrysalis-case ; 5 and 6, fly; 
3 and 5, nat. size, after Bracy Clark; the other figures after Brauer, and all 
magnified. 
Early in the summer of the past year enquiry was sent me re- 
garding warble presence in hides of deer, a matter on which, as it had 
never come under my notice practically, but only in reference to kinds 
of warble or other @strus flies injurious to deer, I was little able to 
offer information. As the subject, however, appeared to be of a good 
deal of interest, I obtained introductions to a few experienced super- 
intendents and others, who, being personally interested in observation 
on a large scale of the condition of deer-hides, were fully qualified to 
give information regarding amount of infestation. 
The notes I was favoured with showed, so far as they went, the 
absence of warble (that is, of the lumps caused by the great maggots of 
flies of the nature of the Hypoderma bovis so troublesome to cattle) on 
the fallow deer. Also some amount of infestation on the roe deer, but 
not enough to attract attention to it, excepting in collections of hides 
for business purposes. In the case of the red deer the warble attack 
was much more prevalent, so as to be noticeable as seriously injurious 
both to flesh and hides in forest observations, as well as to the 
pelts brought under examination for purposes of manufacture. This 
