136 HORSE AND CATTLE FLIES. 
of roe; but extensive young plantations having been planted, we had 
to put them down to a very small number, and now only an occasional 
one is killed. I shall, however, now pay attention to this, and should 
I ever find anything of the kind, I shall let you know. 
‘* Roe deer skins are so valueless, that after a day’s shooting two 
or three men were generally told off to get the skins off as quickly as 
possible, the carcases cut up, and distributed amongst the poor people. 
By this you can understand that there was not much notice taken of 
the skins.””—(J. B.) 
In regard to attack on red deer, I had a few remarks from Mr. Tom 
Speedy, from The Inch, Edinburgh, noting very observable injury 
from warble presence, and from Mr. Speedy’s experience, his know- 
ledge as a naturalist, and also as the author of several books on sport, 
he could probably, if his leisure and inclination allowed, give us much 
useful information on the subject. 
Mr. Speedy observed :—‘‘ With regard to warbles in deer. They 
are quite common; but I have been under the impression (I have not 
made a study of them) that they attack deer more in those forests 
where there is a scarcity of food. Some years ago I shot a number of 
hinds on ground that marched with Mr. ’s** forest, where they 
were overstocked, and they were practically useless through the skin 
and flesh being destroyed by warbles. The flesh looks nasty round 
the warble.” —(T. 8.) 
Infestation in young red deer’s hide.—On the 22nd of January of the 
present year (1896), I was favoured by Mr. T. Speedy, of 17, St. 
Andrew’s Square, Edinburgh, with an excellent example of warble 
attack then in full action in the skin of a red deer. The animal was 
still obviously quite young, possibly not more than two years old, for 
the hide was only, as measured when laid flat (not drawn out or 
stretched), twenty-one inches in length, by ten ani a half inches in 
breadth, and contained upwards of one hundred and sixty warble-cells. 
From some of these the maggots were escaping; and in many cases 
the pellicle of tissue covering the maggot-cell on the under surface of 
the hide was so thin that the dark markings on the maggots within 
were clearly noticeable through it. 
The warble-cells were in many cases placed so close together that 
the swellings were confluent, these in groups of from two to six or 
more, forming patches of warbie-blistered surface from an inch or an 
inch and a half across, up to a great patch of more than five inches in 
length by three and a quarter in breadth, which was almost completely 
covered by the blisters—that is, by the more or less worked-away 
pellicle of the under side of the hide raised into lumps by the presence 
of the warble grubs within. 
* Name omitted for obvious reasons: 
