DEER WARBLE FLIES. 139 
and some are so full of small ‘bot-holes,’ it seems as if a charge of 
shot had riddled the pelts. 
‘Red deer.—The Scotch red deer pelts are all more or less infested 
with marks of ‘ bot.’ The marks extend down the back, each side of 
the spine. They are much worse in the hind pelts than in the stag 
pelts, but that is accounted for by the stags being killed earlier in the 
season, and the maggot not having come to perfection; but the place 
where the pelt has been punctured is easily seen, and in the process of 
dressing a hole or deep scar appears in the leather. 
‘‘The hinds are more badly damaged than the stags, and very 
often the ‘bot’ is seen on the flesh side of the pelt; they are often 
quite as large and seem to resemble the chrysalis-case, fig. 4, of the 
Bot Fly.” [See my figure of chrysalis of Ox Warble or Bot Fly at 
p. 184.—Ep.] ‘The ‘bot’ mark is also seen in the red deer pelts 
from some of the English deer-parks, but not so bad as in the Scotch 
skins, and the chrysalis has not been seen, but the marks are similar 
to those in the Scotch stag pelts.” —(J. P.) 
The Hypoderma diana, more especially known as the Deer or 
‘Venison’? Warble Fly (the Hochwild Hautbremse in Germany), is 
easily distinguishable from our Ox Warble Fly by its smaller size and 
greyer colour. It is slightly under half an inch long, whereas the Ox 
Warble Fly is rather over half an inch in length, and when the two 
kinds are placed side by side, this variously striped and mottled, but 
still general grey-brown colour, with the black base to the abdomen, 
distinguishes it at a glance from the bright black velvety banding of 
the Ox Warble Fly across the central portion both of the fore body 
and the abdomen, together with the upper part of the base of the 
abdomen being yellowish, and the tip orange. In some fresh speci- 
mens of this species before me, this colouring shows very beautifully. 
The maggot also is smaller than that of HW. bovis. Likewise in its 
third stage, more slender in shape, and of a long pear-shape.* 
It might be of service, and it would be of a good deal of interest, 
to know something more of the Warble Fly attack in connection with 
the red deer to which demonstrably it does much harm; and in regard 
to the roe deer, it certainly would be very desirable to make out the 
precise species of the infestation which causes the small perforations, 
and if I am favoured with specimens in the coming season, I should 
be glad to do my best to identify them.+ 
* For full description of H. diana and larva, see ‘Monographie der (istriden,’ 
yon Friedrich Brauer, Wien, 1863, pp. 113-117, with figures; plates ii. and viii. 
+ The Red-bearded Bot Fly, Cephenomyia rujibarbis (Meigen), a newly-observed 
British Bot Fly, parasitic on red deer. This infestation (found in Ross-shire, N.B., 
in the summer of 1894, by Mr. L. W. Hinxman, and identified by Mr. Percy H. 
Grimshaw, I'..8., who has paid particular attention to the study of the Diptera) 
