148 DEER AND DOG Ticks. 
different circumstances. Female, when fasting, oval, orange-coloured, 
about two lines long by one and a half broad. When swollen by food, 
&¢., somewhat like a small thick bean in shape, and leaden in colour, 
five to five and a half lines (that is, nearly half an inch) long and 
three lines broad. It will thus be observed that the female when 
inflated is twice as wide, by nearly three times as long, as when in 
ordinary condition. ‘The male is one line and about one-third long, 
and three-quarters of a line broad, the body always flat, ‘‘entirely 
covered on its upper surface by a dull brown shield.” 
The Ticks (apart from their living hosts) especially frequent bushes 
and shrubs, and low-growing plants, and when young can creep about 
actively, and from the grass-blades, or branches, attach themselves by 
their legs to any bird or animal which comes within reach, and pro- 
ceed to pierce into it with their barbed mouth-apparatus. 
This attack is one regarding which enquiries are not unfrequently 
sent me, mainly in relation to dogs; but in the course of last year 
much more extended application was made, including among specimens 
the so-called ‘Sheep Tick,” really the Spider Fly, sent as the true 
Ixode ; also specimens sent found in large numbers in coincidence with 
Forest Fly on horses in Calcutta; and notes of damage done by Ticks 
to deer-hides, of which I was favoured with observations, forwarded 
amongst others regarding damage by warble to deer. 
The differences between the true Tick and the ‘‘Sheep Tick,” the 
Melophagus ovinus, will be seen at a glance by comparing the figures of 
the eight-legged Ticks at p. 146, and the ‘‘Sheep Tick,” or Spider 
Fly, at p. 119. 
The presence of the Tick amongst the Forest Flies may naturally 
lead to confusion as to their possible connection, from both pests 
haying the habit of adhering by their suckers, and also the roundish, 
shiny Ticks having some degree of resemblance to the round shiny 
puparia of the Forest Fly, and regarding this attack I give the 
good observations with which I was obliged by Dr. Spooner Hart 
further on. 
For information in regard to the presence of Ticks on deer, I am 
obliged to Messrs. Pullman, of Greek Street, Soho Square, London, 
who, in the course of the observations which they favoured me with, 
at my request, regarding amount of warble infestation on different 
kinds of deer, also alluded as follows to the prevalence of the ‘ Tick ’’ 
on fallow deer to such an amount as sometimes to injure the hides. 
After mentioning (see p. 138), ‘‘ The marks of ‘ bot,’ or ‘ warble,’ have 
never been noticed on the pelts of fallow deer,”’ they observed as below: 
«The only insect that causes any damage on fallow deer is the ‘Tick,’ 
a little insect of a red-brown colour, of the size of a ‘Ladybird.’ This 
Tick is sometimes found in the flanks of the pelts, and it sometimes 
