CODLIN MOTH. 3 
whitish, later on more or less of a pink or flesh-colour. The head 
when young is blackish, later on lighter in colour; the shield on the 
segment next the head varies similarly in colour with age of the grub, 
and so does the tail segment. It has “eight little black dots or warts 
on each segment, so arranged as to make two rows down the back, 
and one row on each side’’ (Frazer 8. Crawford). The caterpillar has 
three pairs of claw-feet; four pairs of sucker-feet beneath the body, 
and another pair at the end of the tail. 
The cocoon is given by Mr. L. O. Howard as ‘ white inside and 
greyish outside, and usually covered somewhat with bits of bark or 
minute fragments of whatever substance the worm happens to spin on.” 
The moth is about four-fifths of an inch in spread of the fore 
wings, of a somewhat brown tint looked at generally, but the fore 
wings have a brown patch at the tip, in which are markings of gold 
colour, or of golden scales, or streaks of gold; and the wing is varied 
(see figure, p. 1) with irregular transverse streaks of brown and grey. 
The brown of the hind wings is deepest towards the outer edge, but 
the general appearance of the moth differs much in marking, from 
brightness to dull grey or brown, according to whether it is held in 
the bright sunshine or otherwise. 
The early part of the life-history of the Codlin Moth appears to be 
very similar in all the countries where the infestation is known. The 
moths come out about the time of the opening of the Apple blossom, 
and, when the petals have fallen and the embryo fruit is beginning to 
set, the female lays her egg at the eye of the Apple; that is, at the 
end opposite the stalk, where it is sheltered in the crumpled-up 
remains of the calyx. Usually only one egg is laid, but sometimes 
two or three may be deposited ; occasionally egg-laying has been found 
to occur at the stem end of the Apple or on the cheek. 
The maggot hatches in about a week or ten days, and burrows 
into the Apple, and its presence is shown by the brown powdery 
excrementitious matter which it throws out at the eye of the Apple, 
or at the end of the passage which it gnaws through the solid Apple 
to the side for the purpose of getting rid of the dirt. In about four 
weeks from the date of hatching the maggot is full grown, and by this 
time it has done so much mischief within the young fruit, that the 
Apple falls to the ground, often (though by no means always) with 
the maggot still inside it. Sometimes the larva or maggot lets itself 
down from the fruit (whilst this still remains on the tree) by the help 
of a silken thread spun from its mouth; or, again, it may simply creep 
out of the Apple, and make its way along the branches to the trunk. 
But whether by creeping from the fallen Apple along the ground, 
or by leaving it in any other manner, the maggot next makes its way 
to a neighbouring Apple-tree stem, and there it shelters itself in a 
B 2 
