26 CABBAGE. 
noticeable, for the belt not being observable without a magnifier, and 
wishing to remove the caterpillar from where it was resting, I found 
that I risked pulling the creature’s head off in trying to draw it away, 
so strong was the thread-belt. 
PREVENTION AND RemEepy.—In garden ground it cannot fail to be 
of service to collect the chrysalids from such localities as those noted 
at p. 24, and to destroy them. Whether in summer, or when in 
winter the hybernating chrysalids can be searched out at leisure from 
their sheltering places, this plan obviously must get rid of much 
impending local attack. 
Hand-picking also is a sure remedy where, as in garden cultivation, 
the labour and time needed are not too costly; but this infestation is 
one that may come in great numbers on the wing, or be wind-borne 
in flocks, or may very likely appear in great numbers after a period of 
fine dry weather, and for field use, unless poisonous dressings are 
used (which I should not like myself to take the responsibility of 
advising), the only really fairly good plan for checking caterpillar 
attack appears to be the use of good strong powdery dressings, 
especially of lime, or of soot, given when the leaves are damp, so 
that the powder may adhere. 
Amongst these, by looking over reports of treatment, lime seems 
to have been the most satisfactory for broadscale use. I have had 
information of it as answering well when used finely powdered and ina 
caustic state, and the following note, from a paper read at the Annual 
Meeting of the Association of Economic Entomologists, U.S.A., 1891, 
by Prof. John B. Smith, Secretary, is worth observation, as coming 
from such a good authority :— 
‘‘A number of growers have this year kept their Cabbage clear of 
the larvee of Pieris rape by using lime, either fresh, air-slaked, or in 
the form of a dry hydrate, first sifting it, and then dusting on the 
plants when wet. Lime makes a good fertilizer, and almost every 
farmer has it. It is the simplest way we have of keeping this species 
in bounds.” * 
* «Insect Life,’ vol. iii. No. 5, p. 218. Whilst writing the above I am favoured 
by presentation of his new work, ‘ Economic Entomology for the Farmer and Fruit- 
grower,’ by Prof. J.B. Smith. This is a conyenient-sized volume, very practically 
useful for field work, as well as entomologically instructive, and excellently and 
fully illustrated, published by the J. B. Lippincott Co., Philadelphia, U.S.A.; and in 
this, at p. 248, Prof. Smith strongly recommends the use of Paris-green or other 
arsenites at the rate of about one pound to one hundred and fifty gallons of water. 
Of this he observes that ‘‘ The amount used to a single Cabbage plant is so minute 
that in order really to poison a man it would be necessary for him to eat about a 
dozen heads, outer leaves and all, and if death then resulted, I would be inclined 
to attribute it rather to the Cabbage itself than to the Paris-green or other arsenite 
