118 PEAR. 
The eggs are stated to be so quickly hatched in warm weather, that 
the little maggots from them may be found on the fourth day after 
deposit. They bore into the core of the embryo Pear, where they 
separate and devour in different directions. 
The maggots are about one-sixth of an inch in length, narrow, 
legless, smallest at the head and tail, with a small horny appendage, 
known as the breast-bone, or (from its form in some of the Cecidomyiz 
larve) as the ‘‘anchor process,’’ beneath the fore part of the body near 
the head end. In the Pear Gnat maggot this process consists of a 
narrow stalk attached at its base to one of the segments of the little 
larva, and pointing forward at the free end, which is enlarged to nearly 
twice the width of the stem, and slightly notched at the flattened or 
convex end. The anchor process is of a horny texture, and brownish 
or pink in colour. 
The maggots have a wonderful power of jumping by bending so 
that head and tail meet, and then taking skips in all directions, a 
habit which is very observable if they chance to be under examination 
on a coloured tablecloth. 
Within the young Pears, the growing Cecidomyia maggots live and 
feed till they have attained their full size. This will be somewhere 
about the beginning or middle of June, by which time much of the 
inside of the little Pears will have become black and decayed, conse- 
quently on their ravages, and the fruit stunted in growth, and probably 
cracked. ‘The infested Pears may often be known by their knobbed 
irregular growth, but not always; some that I have had, have not 
shown characteristic damage outside; also the size that they may 
grow to varies. In the eight figures now before me, given in the 
paper by Prof. John B. Smith * on this infestation, none of the Pears 
are as much as an inch long, but they may reach as much as one or 
two inches in length. 
At this stage the Pears crack or fall to the ground, and the 
maggots leave the fruit by way of the open cracks if it remains on 
the tree, or if it falls without cracking, may remain for some weeks 
within. In either case they bury themselves in the ground, and 
(quoting again from Prof. J. B. Smith as, I believe, our most recent 
observer) go down to a depth ‘“‘ varying somewhat with the condition 
of the soil, from one-half to two inches, and there they lie for some 
time unchanged. About midsummer the larve make oval cocoons of 
silk covered with grains of sand, and in these they lie unchanged until 
early spring.’”’—(J. B. 8.) There appears to be a difference. in date 
of time of the maggots forming cocoons, and turning to pupal or 
* See ‘The Pear Midge, Diplosis pyrivora, Riley,’ by John B. Smith, Ento- 
mologist, New Jersey Agricultural College Experiment Station, U.S.A., Bulletin 99, 
April 4th, 1894. 
