12 CABBAGE. 
green, with black tips, shorter than the body. Eyes and legs black. 
Cornicles very short and black. ‘Tail also small and black.” 
The male of A. floris rape is described by Curtis as dull pale green, 
dusted with white; eyes, head, disk of the thorax, and abdomen varied 
with black; legs ochrey, apex of thighs, shanks, and feet black (see 
figures 1 and 2, p. 10). 
This species is a distinct one from what may be called the common 
Turnip Leaf Aphis, now known as Rhopalosiphum dianthi, Schrank, 
which is not only a severe pest at times to Turnip leafage, but also is 
to be found very generally distributed on garden and field crops; but, 
as mentioned in Mr. Buckton’s work (quoted above), the ‘‘ confusion 
in the synonymy of this Aphis is very great.” 
The ‘‘ Cabbage Aphis,” A. brassicae, feeds on a good many kinds of 
plants besides Cabbage, but to this it is especially destructive from the 
enormous quantities in which it infests not only the upper, but the 
lower sides of the leaves. 
PREVENTION AND Remepy.—All measures of preparation of ground 
and of cultivation generally which are calculated to push on good 
growth are of service, not only in keeping up the strength of the 
plants when suffering from loss of sap drawn away by the suckers of 
the aphides, but also by making the plants themselves less suitable for 
multiplication of the aphides. It has long been found that where 
plants are stunted from drought, or other circumstances which keep 
back growth, that increase of the ‘‘Plant-lice’”’ takes place more 
rapidly, and it will be noticed that in Mr. Fraser’s observations, p. 11, 
he especially mentions the wonderfully rapid increase of the aphides 
after two or three days of remarkably close and sultry weather. 
In field Cabbage growing, such plentiful manuring is a regular 
treatment that nothing more seems wanted on this head; but on a 
smaller scale, attack might be lessened by more attention beforehand 
to such thorough cultivation as would let the roots go down to their 
full natural depth, and thus save them from being dried, and not 
drawing up requisite supplies in temporary droughts. Amongst special 
manurial applications kainite has been recommended, but I have not 
definite record either of quantity or effects; but nitrate of soda would 
be an excellent application from its rapid action when melted into the 
eround by return of rain after drought, or by artificial watering, where 
this could be applied. 
In garden cultivation, applications of liquid manure would be very 
useful, and even water alone plentifully applied is useful both in 
refreshing the plants, and washing off some of the lice. 
For dry dressings, soot, or lime, or any of the usual mixtures used 
for similar purposes, do some good; but where ‘‘ kerosine emulsion ”’ 
