34 
DEER. 
Deer Forest Fly. Lipoptena cervi, Nitzsch; Lipoptera cervit, 
Von Siebold and Loew. 
Lipoprera CERvI, female.—1, leg and base of wing; 2, base of wing; 3, abortive 
wing; 5, female fly, with base of wings—all much magnified; 4, puparium, much 
magnified, and line showing natural length. 
The Deer Forest Fly is a much lesser evil than the allied kind, the 
Hippobosca equina, the Forest Fly of the New Forest, as it does not 
(like this kind) infest cattle and horses, the latter especially, to their 
intense terror until they become accustomed to the visitation, and also 
to the great risk under these circumstances of their riders and drivers. 
Still the Lipoptera cervi, or ‘‘ Deer Bugs,” as they are sometimes called, 
are to be found in numbers of hundreds, or in clusters, on the Red 
and the Roe Deer, and though their blood-sucking powers do not 
appear to be to an important extent, they cause great annoyance by 
the speed with which they can run in any direction amongst the hair, 
and the tenacity with which they can attach themselves; also those in 
winged condition cause much annoyance to people walking through 
woods or localities infested with them in the later part of the summer. 
During 1896 I was enabled, through the kind assistance of Mr. 
Dugald Campbell, of Strathconan Forest, Muir of Ord, Ross-shire, N.B., 
to give some information regarding the habits of these flies from notes 
which he favoured me with from his personal observations, and also 
from specimens sent accompanying, and which, with the addition of 
various important points in the history of the infestation taken from 
the published accounts of the chief German writers on the subject, 
make it unnecessary to go over these details again here. ‘ 
