64 PINE. 
will be seen exceeds in amount of damage calculated to have been done 
by excessive gales of wind even that reported to me by Mr. Lambert, 
from the Hewell Estate Office, Redditch, Worcestershire, in 1896, of 
which he mentioned :—‘ One half of this plantation, containing several 
thousand trees, was blown down by the great gale of March 25th, 1895. 
It took us many months to cut out the trees, which were all piled one 
on another.’—(L. F. L.) In both cases, as was to be expected, 
destructive attack of Pine Beetle followed. 
On September 23rd (1897) Mr. Clark wrote as follows :— 
‘‘On this estate the Fir woods have been suffering very much 
during the past three years from the attacks of Hylurgus piniperda 
consequent on the gales of 1893 and 1894. Those gales threw down 
about one hundred thousand trees, most of which in the course of one 
year after were in the very best condition for Pine Beetle nurseries; 
and the quantity bred during the past three years has been enormous, 
which you will understand when I tell you that they have entirely 
destroyed hundreds of acres of old and young woods. Over one 
thousand acres of Fir woods have not within them a single tree that 
has not been attacked by Pine Beetle. I am now preparing to make 
a great effort to reduce this pest during the coming season. . . . I 
have made a careful study of the beetle, and watched its course of 
operations during the last two years, and I am convinced that the 
most successful plan of beetle destruction is to prepare nurseries for 
breeding, and destroy them in the nursery.” 
Mr. Clark’s view as to ‘“‘ trapping” by placing wood in a condition 
for infestation to attract egg-laying, and then destroying the infested 
wood before the beetles’ time of escape has arrived, is one that has 
been strongly advocated; but we have not yet had report of such 
broad-scale attacks as to furnish a sufficient amount of growing timber 
brought, as Mr. Clark proposes, artificially into ill-health to have 
information as to this especial form of experiment, and it will be of 
great interest in the welfare of Pine preservation to watch its results. 
Mr. Clark’s plan is as follows :— 
‘‘T propose to remove six inches of bark at the surface of the 
ground from those trees which I intend to be nursery trees, and this 
will bring the trees thus treated into condition for the beetle as 
nursery ground. I have satisfied myself that neither a healthy tree 
nor a dry tree is of any use to the Pine Beetle, but the sick or 
languishing tree is exactly the conditions it requires for nurseries.”’ 
[This quite agrees with the adopted views.—E. A. O.] ‘‘ Where I 
have not trees to spare as trap trees, I will get trap trees from other 
woods. I propose to begin preparing trap trees in the beginning of 
February, 1898, as I will require to put down fresh trap trees once a 
month for four months. I have found that some trees are good as 
