132 OX WARBLE FLY. 
acknowledged in all cases) regarding amount of warble injury, from 
which I have now chiefly taken the dates of presence. 
The following notes give observation of dates of first appearance of 
warble maggot in condition large enough to be perceptible to the naked 
eye; also dates of first general appearance of the warble as a swelling 
or opening; and also of the time when the maggots were noticed to be 
leaving the animals during the months of 1884 and 1885 in which in- 
formation was sent me, from which I formed my first report on Warble 
Fly. I give the dates of the months only, the year being less important. 
On November 8th a piece of infested hide was sent me by Messrs. C. 
and H. Hatton, Barton Tannery, Hereford, as showing first symptoms 
of presence of warble maggot. This piece of hide was about 12 in. by 
4in., and on the /lesh side there were upwards of seven slight swellings 
about a quarter of an inch across, of a livid or bluish colour, each 
forming a raised centre to greatly-inflamed patches. Within the blue 
centre I found a small warble maggot, just large enough to be dis- 
tinguished by the naked eye when removed. This is the earliest state 
in which I have had the opportunity of seeing the maggot-workings 
beneath the hide. 
On January 27th Mr. John Dalton (tanner), Wigton, Cumberland, 
wrote :—‘‘I have to-day noticed, for the first time this season, the 
appearance of the young warbles. I found them in two different 
hides (both off young cattle of from one to two years old). . . . The 
round hole in the hide is distinctly visible.” 
The first reports of observation of general appearance of the warble 
as a swelling or in open condition began at the middle of February ; 
on the 14th (from Glendonagh, Midleton, Co. Cork) the lumps were 
reported as increasing in number and size; and on the same day ex- 
amination of the cattle at Spurstow Hall, Tarporley, Cheshire, showed 
that some of the warbles appeared as soft lumps gathering to a head. 
On the 18th Messrs. Hatton (tanners), of Hereford, wrote me that 
they had received an Ox hide with many warbles in it (specimens 
of which were forwarded), by presence of which the value of the hide 
was deteriorated in value from 35s. 5d. to 29s.; and on the previous 
day Messrs. Hatton had informed me that ‘notice had already been 
given that hides on Birmingham Market would be sorted for warbles, 
and those having more than three would be out-classed.”’ 
On the 20th I had the opportunity of examining warble myself in 
young but open state in the hide of a Hereford removed that day from 
the animal. 
On the 28rd, report from Ballinacourte, Tipperary, Ireland, noted 
that warble had appeared on some of the cattle. 
On the 25th, Mr. Thompson, M.R.C.Y.§S., Aspatria, Cumberland, 
wrote me that he had examined a large number of young cattle rising 
