108 NEW YORK ZOOLOGICAL SOCIETY 



2. If the disease appears in one or more birds, they should 

 be immediately separated from the healthy ones. If possible, 

 the source of the infection should be determined and removed. 



3. After the removal of sick birds, disinfect the houses and 

 runs with a five per cent, solution of carbolic acid or creolin, and 

 repeat this disinfection at least once a week while the disease re- 

 mains. Burn or safely bury all birds dying from this affection. 



Treatment. — The sick birds should be placed in a warm, 

 dry, well ventilated hospital room, where they will not be ex- 

 posed to draughts, and can be readily caught for examination and 

 treatment. 



During the past two years, experimental treatment with 

 Diphtheria Roup Antitoxin among hawks, herons, pheasants and 

 other susceptible birds has led to gratifying results. When 

 the birds have been discovered in the early stages of the disease, 

 a single injection of li/o c.c. of antitoxin sufficed for a complete 

 cure. 



Intra-muscular injection of antistreptococcic serum has also 

 been of benefit in mild cases. 



The diphtheretic membranes forming in the mouth should 

 be removed just as soon as this can be done without causing 

 bleeding from the affected surface, after which tincture of iodine 

 should be applied to the part. 



Birds that have been affected with diphtheretic roup should 

 not be returned to cages with other birds for four weeks after 

 recovery; otherwise they might still communicate contagion. 



Infections E7itero-He'patitis m Turkeys. — This is an infec- 

 tious disease of turkeys especially destructive to the young birds. 

 It is due to a protozoan (Amoeba meleagridis) , and characterized 

 by an inflammatory thickening of the walls of the caeca, yellowish 

 or greenish areas of degeneration of the liver, and congestion 

 with blackish discoloration of those portions of the head that are 

 not covered by down or feathers. 



Symptoms. — The disease is most frequent and fatal in young 

 birds and the symptoms of different cases vary considerably in 

 proportion to the intensity of the disease and the relatively ex- 

 tensive lesions in the different organs. The common symptoms 

 are those of general ill health ; dullness, drooping of the head 

 between the wings, erection of the feathers, separation from the 

 flock. The bird moping alone and sitting much of the time. 



