104 BATCHELDER— AN UNDESCRIBED ROBIN ee. 
the summer, and to the reported breeding of the species in Mary- 
land, are introduced in such a way as to emphasize the fact that 
the robins with which he was familiar were winter visitants from 
the North. Kalm’s remarks refer only to a locality in New 
Jersey, and Brisson’s description plainly is founded partly on 
Catesby, partly on specimens sent from Canada. Brisson also 
refers to Klein (Historiz Avium Prodromus) who, however, 
appears to have drawn his facts entirely from Catesby. In short, 
Linnzus’s knowledge was derived from specimens taken in 
Canada and from observations made in New Jersey and— by 
Catesby only—in Carolina, and Catesby expressly states that 
the robins that he knew were migrants from the North. 
The southern form therefore may be named and characterized 
as follows. 
Merula migratoria achrustera’ subsp. nov. 
Type, from Raleigh, North Carolina, & adult, no. 6433, collection of C. F. 
Batchelder, taken June 8, 1894, by H. H. and C. S. Brimley. 
Subspectfic characters.— Size considerably less than in AZ. migratoria. Colors 
in general much lighter and duller. 
Adult male in breeding season: whole top and sides of head and nape dull 
black with a slight brownish shade; superciliary streak white. Back, scapu- 
lars, wing coverts and rump dull gray, tinged with olive brown rather than 
ashy, feathers of the back having hardly ever any trace of the black central 
markings often shown by migratoria. Remiges dark olive brown, lighter and 
browner than in mzgratoria. Rectrices dusky brown, but not as black as in 
migratoria. Throat white, streaked with black, the streaks fewer, smaller, and 
less intensely black than in mzgratoria. Breast, sides, axillars, and most of the 
under wing coverts light reddish brown of a slightly deeper shade than “tawny 
ochraceous”? of Ridgway, whereas in migratoria these parts range from Ridg- 
way’s “cinnamon-rufous” nearly to his ‘burnt sienna.” Feathers of the belly 
partly of the color of the breast, partly white. Flanks, legs and under tail 
coverts white, mixed with gray. 
The differences between the females of the two forms are so closely parallel 
to those of the males that a description of them is unnecessary. 
The following measurements (in millimeters) are of breeding birds from the 
type locality, now in my collection. 
1” Ay povorepa —less highly colored. 
2 A nomenclature of colors for naturalists, [etc.]. By Robert Ridgway. Boston, 1886. 
