EIGHTH ANNUAL REPORT. 125 
throughout the ascending as well as descending tracts, but no defi- 
nite systematic degeneration was present. 
Vascular alterations, chiefly an acute exudative arteritis, was 
present in the anterior horns in a few patches, and elsewhere many 
of the smaller vessels showed a chronic proliferative arteritis ; the 
larger vessels seem to be free from these changes. 
Conclusions.—This case apparently represents one of poliomye- 
litis of rather recent origin associated with a chronic proliferative 
arteritis of the smaller vessels of the cord. 
CASE V. 
Himalayan Bear (Ursus torquatus).—This animal was re- 
ceived at the New York Zoological Park showing on its arrival 
a partial paralysis of the hind extremities. This was accompanied 
by a slight atrophy of the muscles of these limbs, but the case dif- 
fered from the ordinary one of “cage paralysis,” in that this ani- 
mal gave many manifestations of most intense sensory disturb- 
ances. If we may judge from the actions of the animal, it suf- 
fered from pains of a darting or lancinating character confined 
to the paralyzed extremities, and so severe that the animal in pain 
and anger would often turn and savagely strip the skin and mus- 
cles of the extremities with fangs and claws, so that in mercy the 
animal was killed by chloroform. 
I am indebted to Dr. Frank Miller for the clinical observations 
on this case and for the spinal cord which he removed and kindly 
sent to me for microscopic examination. 
The case differs very materially from those of typical “cage pa- 
ralysis,’ but it has seemed best to introduce it in this series, since, 
except for the presence of parzesthesia, the manifestations were 
fairly typical of this clinically indefinite disorder. 
We have been unable to obtain anything in regard to the pre- 
vious history of this animal. Judging from the lesions found the 
condition must have been of long standing. 
MICROSCOPIC EXAMINATION. 
Spinal Cord.—Membranes.—The dura mater appears normal 
throughout. The pia-arachnoid is not thickened, but its vessels 
are universally congested; no exudate, however, surrounds the 
vessels and the condition is apparently largely passive. The lym- 
phatics of the membranes, as well as those of the cord, contain 
numerous bacteria. Three varieties are most common, namely, a 
coccus (staphylococcus), a long, slim, square-ended bacillus and a 
spirillum. From the fact that no local inflammatory reaction ap- 
