EIGHTH ANNUAL REPORT. ; 143 
nences. Male, 7 mm. to 9 mm. long; tail obtuse, rolled in a spiral 
manner and bearing two lateral wings, each sustained by five 
papillae and two unequal spicule; female, 11 mm. long; tail 
straight ; ova oblong. 
In the intestine of the leopard the tendency of the tumors 
seemed to form colonies, 8 to 10 of these occurring from ™% to I 
inch apart, and then perhaps none occurring for 7 to 8 inches. 
The color of these tumors did not differ from that of the adjacent 
parts, and they were rather firm in consistence. On their summit 
were one to two, sometimes three, perforations that communicated 
with the irregular cavity. These tumors were situated between 
the mucous and muscular layers of the intestine. When the tu- 
mors are old their contents are concrete and their walls fibrous. 
In these are found worms or their débris. Whether they multiply 
in the tumors, or submit to migration, is not definitely known. 
In the case of this leopard, the parasites were so abundant as 
to give rise to hemorrhagic enteritis and dysentery. 
The Sclerostoma found inhabiting the colon of an orang-utan 
was the causative factor in giving rise to a chronic hemorrhagic 
dysentery. The tumors they formed beneath the mucous mem- 
brane were of the same general character as those of the Sclero- 
stoma tetracanthus which inhabits the cecum and colon of the 
Equidz. The parasite itself, however, differs considerably from 
that of the Sclerostoma tetracanthus. Plates show sections of 
this encysted parasite in the muscular coat of the bowel. They 
are probably introduced into the intestines with the water the 
host drinks, and it is very likely that they encyst themselves di- 
rectly in the mucous membrane, without penetrating the circula- 
tory system—at least, no wandering parasites of this kind have 
ever been observed. When the tumors are old their contents are 
concrete and their walls are fibrous. In them are found dead 
worms or their débris. In certain of these tumors | found a single 
adult worm 5 mm. to6 mm. long, and several much smaller worms 
about 3 mm. in length; while in other tumors the adult worm alone 
was present. That the parasites multiply in the tumors is evident, 
but just when the young worms submit to migrations’is not defi- 
nitely known. 
SYMPTOMS OF INTESTINAL WORMS. 
The symptoms denoting the existence of worms within the 
intestinal canal are in some instances obscure, in others promi- 
nent. At times but little derangement is noted, at others pro- 
found disturbances result. 
