142 NEW YORK ZOOLOGICAL SOCIETY. 
be discussed under the appropriate headings) ; but the body, as 
a whole, does not suffer until secondary complications, such as 
bronchitis, hypostatic pneumonia and similar terminal conditions 
arise. 
For these reasons it happens that the animals often remain 
satisfactory subjects for exhibition until the deformities or 
paralyses become sufficiently marked to attract the attention of 
the ordinary observer. In some cases, where the appetite remains 
good, probably as the result of the lack of normal exercise, the 
animal, particularly the baboons, may become too fat. Emacia- 
tion is, however, eventually an accompaniment of the terminal 
stages of the disease in all except the very acute and actively 
progressive cases. 
Skin and Mucous Membranes-—The color of the skin and 
mucous membranes depends largely on the condition of the blood. 
In the middle and later stages the hair becomes rough and brittle, 
or it may fall out in places. The surface of the skin is covered 
with thickened epithelial scales. Trophic ulcers at points of 
pressure, as over the tuberosities of the ischium, are common in 
the terminal state. They are indolent, gangrenous and show little 
tendency to heal. The mucosa of the tongue becomes covered 
with a thick coating and sores develop on the teeth, As a rule 
these changes appear only in the later part of the disease and in 
the earlier stages no changes in these membranes are to be found. 
As a rule, the sub-dermal fat of the paralyzed extremities finally 
becomes atrophic. 
Blood.—On account of the lack of a well-established normal 
standard in each of the various species, blood counts and haemo- 
globin tests are unsatisfactory and we must rely, for judgment 
as to the haemic state, entirely on the general appearance of the 
blood and on the tissues in which it circulates, also on the morpho- 
logical variations in the character of the cells. With these points 
as the basis of our comparison we believe that, as a rule, little 
or no change in the morphology of the blood takes place, except 
in the later stages of the disease, where many complicating con- 
ditions arise. We have been unable to substantiate the increase 
of eosinophiles described by Neusser in man (Weiner Klinische 
Wochenschrift, Nr. 3, 1892), nor the lymphocytosis found by 
Reider (Beitrage zur kentnisse der leucocyten, 1892). Leuco- 
cytosis naturally develops in the terminal conditions, as do also 
the various types of abnormal red cells (see cases X and XI). 
When one considers the very extensive disease of the bone mar- 
row and the frequency with which, in other conditions, eosino- 
