TranisactioTis. 49 



type. But its fellow-group of four plain concentric rings, icithout 

 central or any other cup, makes a valuable addition to our Kirk- 

 cudbrightshire types. Slightly further to the south-west a similar 

 group of plain concentric rings — five in number — occurs. The 

 diameter of the largest ring in both these groups is 18 inches, 

 while the smallest is 3 inches wide. The sculpturings I have 

 hitherto described are collected witliin a very small area on the 

 east bank of the Dee : say, from Bombie straight south to the 

 coast where is the site of Raeberry Castle — a distance of rather 

 over four miles, and a breadth of country not more than two — 

 i.e., between the Parish of Berwick on the east and The Manx- 

 man's Lake on the west — at most, an area of not more tlian eight 

 square miles. Within this area it is also noteworthy that no 

 fewer than twelve ancient camj)s, forts, castles, or villages can be 

 traced ; so that it is manifestly almost impossible that any cup 

 and ring marks should occur more than one mile away from such 

 camps or villages. That they are not found always in proximity 

 to such remains I can prove from personal observation, as e.g., at 

 Borness in Borgue, where, within a few yards of the famous bone- 

 cave, the moats of an old fort are perfectly visible ; and in Bal- 

 maghie, at Edgarton and Dunnance, where there are two moats 

 within a mile of each other ; but neither at or ne.ar any of these 

 places is there a sign of cup or ring, and indeed little, if any, of 

 the hard, smooth glaciated whinstone is found there either. 



The country on the west of the Dee lias not yet yielded so large 

 a crop of good results. There are, however, one or two suggestive 

 sculpturings to be seen on rocks in situ here as well as in the 

 Dunrod locality, which seems to have been specially favoured in 

 this matter. On the farm of Brighouse, in a field behind the 

 smithy, at Clachandolly, in Borgue, is a bare piece of rock, long 

 exposed, and showing a design of which I give a representation 

 on PI. VI. There are two curious points in this petroglyph. 

 First, the size and importance of the oblong cuttings, tlie larger 

 being seven inches by four inches (taking the outside groove) ; 

 and then the peculiar efliect obtained in the two upper ring-groups, 

 by leaving the stone at its natural level where the rings stop. 

 There is no groove cut down, as in the third or south ring, but a 

 broad clear space simply left intact. There is also apparently a 

 point of minor interest in tlie arrangement of several cups on the 

 line of the outermost circle in the large group, and what looks 

 like an attempt — and a bad one — to cut a circle of cups round 



7 



