84 Transactions. 



fourteen in niimher, ten of which are still upright. On none of 

 these stones is there anything like a carved cup or ling-mark. So 

 much for tumulus and stone circle. If you turn your back to the 

 tumulus on its N.W. side and walk away in a line with its diameter, 

 you will, at one hundred and eighty feet off, trip against a half- 

 sunk monolith ; thirty feet further in the same direction and a 

 second such stone arrests you ; and again another thirty feet and 

 you stand on the ring of a third circle, whose diameter also is 

 thirty feet, and the peculiarity of which is that the kist-vaen within 

 lies, not in the centre, but fully two feet off it, towards the arc 

 nearest the tumulus. This circle and kist-vaen, not so many years 

 ago, were as completely buried in a heap of granite boulders as 

 the above described tumulus ; but the stones were carried away to 

 build part of the neighbouring dyke. The covering slab of this 

 kist-vaen measures five feet three inches by three feet three inches, 

 and is about eight inches thick ; and is supported on two thin 

 slabs at the E. and W. ends of the grave. Numbers of 

 boulders fill up the sj^ace below it, so that it has most probably 

 been at one time opened and its contents, if any, disturbed. 

 There is no vestige of cup or ring mark on any of these stones. 

 On my return to Cauldside, 1 passed several small irregular heaps 

 of granite boulders. There being nothing to indicate any connec- 

 tion with the relics just explored, or any pre-arranged plan among 

 themselves, I took scant notice of these heaps ; but in the 

 last of them (eastwards), on a stone somewhat conical and about 

 two feet and a half high, two distinct marks arrested me, both, 

 I am inclined to think, ancient and artificial — one certainly artifi- 

 cial. The one, which may be water-formed (or the lower half of 

 the cavity of a pebble) is a purely circular depression about two 

 inches in diameter, and f of an inch deep. The other, nearly 

 tliree inches in diameter and two and a half inches deep, is funnel- 

 shaped, its sides narrowing with perfect smoothness to the small, 

 flat, button-like hole at the extremity. The same funnel-shaped 

 hollow occurs on a similarly-grained block of sandstone in Ohio, 

 near Ironton, Lawrence Co., and at Redhills, near Penrith. There 

 is only one other fact to notice in connection with this district, and 

 that is the frequent occurrence of small circular ridges now over- 

 grown with grass and heather, which, I have little doubt, would 

 prove to be of the same nature as that which forms the northern 

 kist-vaen circle in this series of three at Cauldside, 



