82 HULL SCIENTIFIC AND FIELD NATURALISTS’ OLUB. 
I find that at Brigg some years ago (before the large canoe was 
found) traces of a platform were discovered ; but this apparently 
is not a Lake-dwelling, and has been referred to a Roman planked 
causeway. It is at a depth of six feet, and is briefly described 
by Mr. James Thropp, in Reports and Papers of the Associated 
Architectural Societies, 1886, pp. 132. 
To return to Holderness. In addition to the evidence of Pre- 
historic man as indicated by the Lake-dwellings, we have some 
fine earthworks, some barrows, kitchen middens, etc., and imple- 
ments and other objects found at different times in various parts 
of the district. 
The earthworks are at Skipsea Brough, a few miles north of 
Hornsea, and near Swine respectively. 
The mound and earthworks at Skipsea Brough are the finest of 
their kind that I am acquainted with. There is a central mound, 
and at some distance away a series of earthworks, these latter 
forming a segment of a circle the centre of which is the large 
mound. The earthworks are situated to the west and south-west 
of the mound, the remaining part of the country being, at the 
time of their construction, an impassable swamp, consequently no 
further protection would be needed there. It is on the edge of 
this swamp, at Ulrome, that the Lake-dwellings occur, and the 
site can be readily seen from the mound. 
The outer earthwork has a very high and steep face, with a 
moat at the bottom. Behind the mound is a flat platform, then 
another moat followed by still another platform. ‘Then comes a 
large open space several acres in extent. In this the men, cattle, 
stores, etc., would be kept during troublesome times. Finally there 
is the large central mound, which is surrounded by a well con- 
structed moat and outer mound. 
The most marvellous thing in connection with these earth- 
works is their enormous size. ‘The central mound is about 70 feet 
high above the surrounding plain. It has a flat top almost an 
acre in extent, and covers about five acres of ground. The distance 
from the mound to the farthest earthwork is about a quarter of 
amile. From the bottom of the mound to the inner edge of the 
earthworks the enclosed space is about 220 yards in breadth. The 
outer rampart is quite half a mile in length; its height varies and 
in places exceeds that of the central mound. 
An enemy approaching these earthworks would experience no 
small amount of difficulty in taking them ; in fact the place would 
be almost impregnable. After fording the outer moat, the steep 
slope of the high mound would have to be scaled. This in all 
probability would be surmounted by a stockade. After the flat 
platform behind the battlement had been traversed another moat 
(1) See Address by Mr. J. R. Boyle, F.S.A.,in Zrans. Hull Geol Soc., vol.ii. 1894-5, pp, 11,12. 
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