29 
detect bloodcorpuscles inside these tubular appendages, whereas I 
could inside the lacunae of the ciliated folds 5b and db. It will 
hereafter be shown that the respiratory apparatus is probably con- 
siderably less developed or rather less specialized as to situation 
in Proneomenia than in Neomenia. Perhaps the arrangement (fig.s 
17 and 29) just inside the mouth of Proneomenia may be looked 
upon as another argument in favour of this view, which will be 
developed further on, when treating of the circulatory and respirat- 
ory apparatus. 
I must here mention that in Prof. LANKESTER’s sections of Neo- 
menia 1 found the structure of the pharynx different from that of 
Proneomenia, about to be described, and on the contrary corres- 
ponding in all respects to TULLBERG’s figure, the pharynx in this 
preparation being also retracted. But in one respect these sections 
enable me to add to TULLBERG’s statement a point of resemblance 
between Neomenia and Proneomenia, which the small size of his 
specimens may have prevented him from noticing, although he did 
partially observe it, as his fig. 9 clearly shows. The fact alluded 
to is this that also in Neomenia there are two or three circular 
folds around the mouth cavity of much smaller size than the fold 
t (TuULLBERG’s fold 5), covered by it and situated still more closely 
to the exterior opening. I could not with certainty make out 
whether in Neomenia these accessory folds are ciliated, as they 
partly are in Proneomenia. A complex of tubular structures such 
as those just mentioned for Proneomenia, situated between the two 
exterior folds could not be detected in Neomenia. 
Passing on to the interior cavity of the pharynx we find it 
coated with an epithelium similar to that described by v. GRarrF for 
Neomenia. Here too the epithelium is externally limited by a 
yellowish chitinous cuticle. This cuticle reaches anteriorly down 
to the fold 5 (fig. 17) on which eiliation commences, posteriorly 
to the point where the pharynx epithelium is quite suddenly re- 
placed by the ciliated cells of the walls of the intestine. This 
point of junction is usually situated under a transverse fold of the 
pharyngeal coating. Longitudinal furrows are moreover visible in 
