38 
146). The small openings around the larg osculum are probably 
pores of which there a two kinds viz. macro- and mieropores (fig, 
147). The colour is warm ochreous-browny. 
The skeleton is just as in the first variety; but the fibre of the 
stem is not so strong. The spicules are all acuates, they are a 
little stouter than in the variety crassa. But as there are all pos- 
sible transitions between these and those of Or. variabilis var. 
salpingoides, it appeared necessary to unite them into one species. 
There is another specimen dredged and brought home by the 
Willem-Barents, which has however no stem. But I think the 
pedicel is simply broken off, for it is not complete. There is one 
great opening in the middle; it is most probable that this central- 
opening is the end of the osculum, and that the mutilated 
specimen only represents the uppermost part of the Sponge. 
Now it may be that the pedicel was rather long as f. ex. in 
Fig. 17, Pl. I, but it is also possible that is was short. In com- 
paring this Cribrochalina with other species, described by Bower- 
bank a. o., we see that nearly always these Sponges are funnel- 
shaped or fan-shaped; thus it seems that the Oribrochalinae tend 
to develop especially the thinner upper part, at the same time 
showing but a little stem, the gastral cavity („Gastral-Höhle, 
Magen”) thus becoming very small, till at last there is no cavity 
and no osculum. So f. ex. it is in all the fanshaped specimens. 
Oscar Schmidt only saw such specimens and so he fixed as a ge- 
neric character the want of an osculum. 
Three specimens were dredged showing three varlations in shape, 
from a wide funnel with margins bent outwards down to the form 
of Or. variabilis var. crassa. It is remarkable that one of these 
is dredged (lat. 74° 10'N.; long. 23° 20’ E.) in 220 fathoms, while 
the other two specimens, being from Matosjkin-Shar (Nowaja-Sem]ja) 
are only from 2—11 fathoms. A specific difference howeyer is not 
to be found. Specimens as represented in fig. 17 form a transition 
to the variety crassa. 
