16 
upwards and are bifid and rounded at the extremities. They are 
connected by numerous tubular fibres, originating on both sides of 
the zoarium from membranous rather pear-shaped envelopes, which 
cover certain zooecia (fig. 2). In this regard my observations cor- 
respond closely with those of Hincks (Ann. a Mag. of Nat. Hist. 
34. Oct. 80). The fibres are distributed over the whole breadth of 
the branches and not merely along the margin as in other Polyzoa. 
(Flustra marginata Krauss &c.). Usually they have a rather thick 
wall. 
Stem of the colony made up of the appressed fibres, as usual. 
The elongated zooecia are distinctly separated and arranged in nu- 
merous regularly alternating rows. Orifice quadrangular or suborbi- 
cular; frequently there are two minute lateral denticles on the lower 
margin. Avicularia distinet on the front of the cells. Ooecia ge- 
nerally globose, in large number. According to the characters of 
this species, the more usual generic name Flustra may be quite 
rejected. Eschara solida must, I think, be ranked in the family 
of the Escharidae. Perhaps it may be placed in the neighborhood 
of Lepralia and Umbonella (simple primary orifice &c.). From the 
mucronated genera Mucronella, Palmicellaria, Rhynchopora it differs 
in several points; it also appears not to be related with Porella, 
Phyloctella, Smittia &e., which are especially characterised by the 
development of a secundary orifice. 
The existence of a generic name Flustramorpha has already been 
disputed by Hincks. 
Locality: Barents-Sea. 75° 16' N. lat., 45° 19’ E. long, 160 fathoms; 
76° 31’ N. lat., 45° 36’ E. long, 130 fathoms. 
Habitat: On tubes of Annelids, on shells &e. 
Suborder III. CTENOSTOMATA. Busk. 
Family ALCYONIDIIDAE. 
Genus: Alcyonidium , Lamouroux. 
23. Alcyonidium gelatinosum. Linnaeus. 
SYNONYMS: 
Aleyonidium gelatinosum. Johnst. Brit. Zooph. ed. 2, 358. 
