LOUISBURG—PAST AND PRESENT.—HONEYMAN. 191 
Art. V.—LovuISBURG—PAST AND PRESENT. A HIsTORICO—GEO- 
LOGICAL SkertcH.—REV. D. Honeyman, D. C. L, 
EF. R. S. C., &. 
(Read April 13th, 1885.) 
LouIspurG is ‘situate on the south-east side of the Island of 
Cape Breton, in lat. 45° 55°, and in long. 59° to 60.° It lies thus 
in the meridian of Standard time of Nova Scotia and the 16 
hour meridian of Cosmic time. It is 3° 40° east of Halifax, and 
is the only place of notice in this meridian. It is first known in 
History as Havre a l’Anglois or English Harbour. It was so 
ealled as it was'a place of resort for English Fishermen. This 
was its name previous to the year 1713. By the treaty of 
Utrecht, Cape Breton was ceded to France; it then received the 
name L’isle Royal. On its cession the French proceeded to fortify 
it, chiefly, by the erection of one Stronghold. The Port St. Anne, 
called also Port Dauphin and Havre a l’Anglois became rivals 
for this enviable distinction. La Ronde Denys says “Port Sainte 
Anne is without contradiction the finest Harbor in the world. 
It would cost only half the expense to make the fortifications 
there that it would at Port l’Anglois, as the materials are at hand. 
My deceased grandfather, Denys, had a fort there, the vestiges 
of which are yet to be seen.” 
Charbeois, says, “The sole inconvenience of the Port St. Anne, 
which every one admits to be one of the finest Harbours in the 
New World, is that it is not easy to make it. Havre a l’Anglois 
is considered to be of easy access and reputed to be generally 
free from ice. Another recommendation is, it opens direct into 
the Atlantic Ocean and consequently cannot be blocaded by an 
enemy.” These considerations led to its selection as the future 
stronghold. Louis the Fourteenth was then King of France. 
After the “Grand Monarque” it was named Louisburg. 
In 1714 Queen Anne died, and George the Ist, Elector of 
Hanover, succeeded to the Throne of Great Britain. In the 
following year Louis the Fourteenth died. His successor was 
his grandson, Louis the Fifteenth. As the latter was under age, 
