110 TRANSACTIONS OF THE [MAR. 23, 
leolithic and neolithic periods. It is followed by the Bronze 
Age, and this by the Iron Age. These terms are all convenient, 
but must be used with care, and it must be remembered that 
this sequence is local, not universal. 
How the stone tool is made.—-(a) Chipping ; three methods: 
1, by blows; 2, by pressure ; 3, by fire. Descriptions of these 
methods. (0) Polishing. (c) Drilling. Two kinds of drilled 
holes, one made by a solid drill, the other by a hollow drill. 
Skill in stone-tool making. Fine specimens of the work from 
Denmark, Ohio, Tennessee, ete. 
The stone tool exerts an influence on the man of the Stone 
Age. (a) Affects the development of other arts. The carpen- 
try of the Stone Age man. Hafting axeblades. Making boards. 
‘Cordage. Cements. (4) Leads to treaties and compacts. ‘The 
pipestone quarry. Australian jade quarries. (c) Leads to the 
beginnings of trade. The contents of an Ohio mound. Red 
pipestone. (d) Leads to division of labor. 
Examples of Stone Age man: (a) Of the olden times. The 
-cave-dweller of France. (0) Of recent date. The Polynesians. 
‘The Alaskans. Modes of life. Acquisitions and attainments. 
After the Stone Age notice two things: (a) The old tool 
becomes venerated. The folk-lore of stonetools. Curious beliefs 
regarding arrow-heads and celts. ‘‘ Spiders lay the arrowheads,” 
so the Sioux say. Celts and axes of stone fall from heaven and 
have healing virtue. (0) The old tool lingers on in religious 
rite after it has gone from every-day use. The conservatism of 
religion—e.g., fire drill of Sacs and Foxes. The fire of Japanese 
priests. So we find the stone tool retained in ceremonies, as cir- 
cumcision among Jews, blood-covenant of Arabs, and in em- 
balming of Egyptians. 
Thus we are debtors to the Stone Age man: (a) for a vast 
quantity of the greatest inventions and institutions; (2) fora 
mass of superstition, etc., which clings to us, and will for long 
years to come. 
The paper was profusely illustrated with lantern slides of 
great interest. ‘ 
A vote of thanks was accorded to PRor. STARR, and the meet- 
ing adjourned. 
