24 TRANSACTIONS OF THE [oct. 23, 
however, are only a beginning of future work. On the west 
side Dr. C. H. Smyth, Jr., of Hamilton College, was working in 
close association. 
In summing up on the geology of the Adirondacks, it may be 
stated that the following views relative to the sti:atigraphy of 
the crystalline rocks have been held. 
I. It has been usually believed, that the gneisses are the 
oldest and are metamorphosed sediments ; that the norites are 
later, some regarding them as igneous, others as metamorphosed 
sediments ; that the limestones are latest of all. 
If this be admitted and the norites be regarded as igneous 
intrusions, how is it that no dikes or apophyse have ever been 
mentioned as radiating or offsetting from this enormous mass ? 
II. That there is a core of central and oldest norite, having 
later gneiss as a metamorphosed sediment on its flanks, and 
still later limestone on both norite and gneiss. 
One or the other of these views has been held by almost every 
one at all familiar with the region and they have been in many 
minds, if not so definitely stated in print. It must be recognized 
that the region is badly faulted and broken, as the mines, the 
topography and the geology indicate. While any one of the 
three generally received divisions are easily recognizable in 
typical cases, they yet have been so subject to metamorphism 
that there are intermediate members of great obscurity. The 
region requires careful and systematic field-work, with parallel 
microscopic determinations. It is remarkable how little 
detailed work of any  stratigraphical value has yet been 
published on the crystalline rocks. 
GEOLOGICAL ‘DEPARTMENT, COLUMBIA COLLEGE, Oct., 1892. 
Prof, Osborn spoke of a singular rounded and polished hole 
in rock on the place of F. A. Church Esq., on the Hudson 
River. Itis evidently a gigantic pot-hole. 
Dr. Bolton asked for information concerning the supposed 
find of buffalo remains at Plainfield N. J. Dr. Dean and Prof. 
Osborn replied that they could as yet see no evidences of these 
remains being other than those of deer, and further that the 
newspaper reports of interviews were not strictly correct, Prof. 
Kemp remarked that he had a hippopotamus tooth said to 
have been discovered near Ramapo, N. J. 
Meeting adjourned. 
