46 TRANSACTIONS OF THE [Derc. 5 
One of the most interesting clay banks is that on Fisher 
Island. ‘The clay is of a reddish color similar to that on West 
Neck, and Centre Island, in Oyster Bay, and in its normal con- 
dition was horizontally stratified and overlain by 20 to 30 feet 
of stratified sand: But the whole deposit has been disturbed by 
the ice shest passing over it. The layers have been ground and 
crumpled. On top of allis a heavy deposit of till “with large 
boulders. 
There is a rather extensive deposit of stony glacial clay between 
Greenport and Southold. 
At West Deer Park is a clay bank of unique appearance. The 
section is : 
Yellow gravel F : : 3 6 feet. 
Containing { Flesh-volored clay : : : 2 feet. 
eierouane | Red clay : : : 1 foot. 
j Black clay with pyrite “ : - 4 feet. 
Black sandy clay . F ; : 4 feet. 
Red sandy clay 5 : : : 3 feet. 
Total thickness ; - - 20 feet. 
The next time I visited this locality the section showed only a 
brilliant red clay on top, with the black clay underneath, and in 
the centre of this latter a large lenticular mass of gray sand. 
The black clay burns white. 
About four miles below this the clay bank presents a totally 
different appearance. 
Sand and gravel : $ 5 : 6 feet. 
Red sandy clay : : 6 feet. 
Yellow and red sand, wavy ‘laminations 2 feet. 
Reddish yellow clay A : - 6 feet. 
Blue clay . . 2) feet. 
Micaceous sand, ‘eross- bedded . — 
Total thickness ; : a 40 feet. 
These two last-mentioned deposits are just south of the moraine. 
At East Williston is a local deposit of blue sandy clay, also 
mentioned by Dr. Merrill. On my last visit to this locality I 
found a number of stems and fragments of leaves init, although 
nothing sufficiently well preserved for identification. 
Most of the clay beds on Long Island show signs of disturb- 
ance. In some, as at Cold Spring, overthrown anticlines have 
been formed. Therefore, a knowledge of the dip and strike of 
the beds is not always of great help. 
Economic Importance of the Clays. 
The economic value of the clays of New York State is becom- 
