140 TRANSACTIONS OF THE [Mar. 13 
From this classification is omitted the Salmo Agassizii of 
Lake Monadnock, N. H., now recognized as a variety of brook 
trout, and the Salmo hucho, or hunchen trout, mentioned by Dr. 
Smith in his “ Natural History of the Fishes of Massachusetts,”’ 
1833, and therein claimed to be related tothe true Hucho of the 
Danube. Its forked tail, dusky hue, and reddish spots, coupled 
with the statement that it was brought to market in a frozen 
condition from lakes in New Hampshire and Maine, make it 
probable that the Massachusetts hucho was merely a variety of 
namaycush. 
Even Professor Jordan, in an article on the Salmon Family, 
published in “Science Sketches,’’ as late as 1888, is silent as 
regards a fourth New England species ; although Professor 
Garman, of the Museum of Comparative Zoology at Cambridge, 
in his paper on the American Salmon and Trout (1885), calls 
attention, under the head of Salmo fontinalis to a form, Fig. 16, 
of which he says: “A knowledge of the younger stages of this 
fish from the same locality may lead to a separation of the 
_ form.’’ Subsequent research has led to such a separation, and 
ichthyologists now admit the presence of a fourth variety of 
Salvenus in New England—the Alpinus Aureolus, a golden- 
hued Alpine charr, whose life history and general characteristics 
it is the purpose of this paper to present. 
As far as is known, the first specimens of this new fish to be 
distinguished from the well-known forms were taken in Sunapee 
Lake, Merrimac County, New Hampshire, during the summer 
of 1881, by Lieut. Ransom F. Sargent and Alonzo J. Cheney, 
respectively of New London and Wilmot—experienced anglers 
who immediately recognized in the three individuals captured 
by them specimens of a salmonoid distinct from the namaycush 
and from the brook trout of the region. The fish taken weighed 
from two to three pounds each, and were known by the name 
of ‘‘St. John’s River trout,” because they were believed to be 
descendants of fry planted in the lake in 1867, by the first Fish 
Commissioners of the Stateand supposed by the resident popula- 
tion to have come from the St. John River, N. B. The conspicu- 
ous development of the under jaw in the males led to the local 
names of “ Hawk bill’’ and “ Hook bill’’; the silvery sides of 
the fish in summer gave rise to that of “ white trout.’’ In the 
two following years, 1882 and 1883, a sufficient number of the 
deep-swimming stranger was taken to excite comment and 
conjecture on the part of outsiders who had heard of its 
presence in Sunapee Lake; and in 1884, Colonel Elliott B. 
Hodge, of Plymouth, the New Hampshire Fish and Game 
Commissioner, finding confirmation in the reports that reached 
