226 TRANSACTIONS OF THE [May 22 
ber of the Cretaceous Group [New Jersey Marl] underlies Long 
Island, and may be a continuation of the great range which 
begins at the south, in Virginia, and runs through New Jersey 
to the Neversink Hills, at which place it is last seen abovesthe 
surface,” 
This same EHxrogyra is also quoted by several subsequent 
writers, long after it had lost its importance as an indication of 
the presence of cretaceous strata, by reason of the discovery of 
other indisputable cretaceous material in situ. The latest 
reference is by C. A. White*, who, following the early conclu- 
sions of E. D. Copey, had divided the eastern cretaceous strata 
into “marine’’ and ‘‘non-marine.” He says: ‘‘All the 
admissible evidence of the present existence of cretaceous 
deposits upon Long Island relates to the non-marine division 
alone. If the reputed discovery of a specimen of Fwogyra 
costata, Say, in digging a well near Brooklyn were satisfactorily 
confirmed, and it were shown to have been found in sifu, the 
fact would be accepted as proof of the present existence there 
of at least a portion of the marine division.’’ 
The probable extension eastward and northward of the strata 
composing the coastal plain was noted by Edward Hitchcock in 
1824, in a paper entitled “ Notices on the Geology of Martha’s 
Vineyard and the Elizabeth [slands’’{, where he says : 
‘Long Island, in those places where I have seen it, is unques- 
tionably very similar in its geological structure to Martha’s 
Vineyard, and probably belongs to the same era. . . If we 
take {Maclure’s] map, and prolong the line, or rather curve, 
that separates the alluvial tract . . from the primitive 
towards the northeast, we shall find that it passes between 
Martha’s Vineyard and the continent . . leaving us to con- 
clude that the Vineyard and Nantucket are the continuation of 
that extensive formation, hitherto called Alluvial, of which Long 
Island has been regarded the northeastern linit.” 
Subsequently, the same author notes the occurrence near 
Marshfield, Mass., of material similar to the greensand or marl 
of New Jersey§, and also suggests the probable cretaceous age 
of certain of the strata on Martha’s Vineyard||. In this connec- 
tion should be mentioned the first discovery and description of 
* Bull. No. 82, U. S. Geol. Surv. Correlation Papers—Cretaceous. (1891,) 
+ Proce. Acad. Nat. Sei. Phil. xx. 157, 158 (1868). 
+ Am. Journ. Sci. vii. 240-248 (1824). 
§ Rept. on the Geol. of Mass., examined under the direction of the Govern- 
meant of that State during the years 1830 and 1831(Am. Journ. Sci. xxii. 1-70 
1832). 
|| Final Rept. on the Geol. of Mass,, vol. ii. pp. 429, 430, Pl. 19, figs. 1-5. (1841.) 
