1893. ] NEW YORK ACADEMY OF SCIENCES. 115 
trally, with the ureter between and somewhat caudad of the two 
vessels. 
The kidney presents a lobulated appearance (Figs. I. and IT.), 
being divided into six lobes which are arranged as follows: Two 
large lobes form respectively the cephalic and caudal extremi- 
ties of the organ; of these the cephalic lobe occupies nearly the 
same area on the ventral and dorsal surfaces, while the caudal 
lobe extends with a tongue-like process further cephalad on the 
dorsal than on the ventral surface, along the vertebral border of 
the kidney. Of the remaining lobes two are placed centrally on 
the ventral surface (Fig. I.), corresponding to nearly two-thirds 
of the caudo-cephalic measurement of the organ, and constitut- 
ing the entire ventral surface of this portion, but extending 
around the lateral convex border only sufficiently to form about 
the lateral one-third of the dorsal surface between the polar 
lobes. The remaining two-thirds of this intermediate or central 
segment of the dorsal surface is formed by two smaller, some- 
what pentagonal lobes, and, along the medial border, by the 
tongue-like extension cephalad of the caudal polar lobe. 
This arrangement of the lobes, the position of the hilus, etc., 
is exhibited in Figs. I. and II., Fig. I representing the ventral 
and Fig. II. the dorsal view of the left kidney. 
The sulci separating the lobes are bridged over by the same 
firm areolar tissue which forms the superficial investment of the 
entire organ. A number of small capsular vessels, imbedded in 
this same tissue, leave and enter the substance of the organ in 
the sulci. 
The published accounts of the gross anatomy of the Ele- 
phant’s kidney differ much as to the number and distinctness of 
the lobes, from two to eight or nine having been reported. In- 
asmuch as these differences depend in all probability upon the 
differences in the age of the animals examined, fusion of the lobes 
occurring in the older specimens, it is interesting to note that 
Miall and Greenwood* describe five lobes, which practically 
corresponds to what we find in our specimen of approximately 
the same age, as the sulcus which upon the dorsal surface sepa- 
rates the smaller (cephalic) pentagonal intermediate lobe from 
the dorsal extension of the ventral cephalic intermediate lobe is 
but slightly developed (Fig. II.) and apparently in process of 
obliteration, which would reduce, when completed, the number 
of lobes in our specimen to five, the number which Miall and 
Greenwood describe. 
In regard to the number and arrangement of the calyces and 
* Loc. cit., p. 67. 
TRANSACTIONS N. Y. AcaD. Sci., Vou. XIII., Sig. 8, Feb. 28, 1894. 
