Trans. N. Y. Ac. Sci. 78 March 24, 
tween chlorophane and common fluorite, as in the case of pectolite 
from Bergen Hill, distinguishing it from the fibrous zeolites and 
other associated minerals. 
A paper was then read by Mr. F. Cope WuiTEHOUSE, M.A., 
with lantern illustrations, entitled : 
The Topography of Egypt between 28° and 30° N. L., from orig- 
inal surveys made in 1882 and 1883, with special reference to 
the erosions—2o0o feet—of the Qerun,and Reian Basins, and 
the two natural eminences (+650), to- the west of the Kom 
El-Kashab (+950), of the same height as the summits of the 
pyramids of Gizeh. 
[ Abstract. | 
On March 3, 1882, I went into the desert about fifty miles west of 
the Nile Valley and seventy-five miles southwest of Cairo, to examine 
the neighborhood of a hill, hitherto unvisited, known to the Arabs as 
the Haram. ‘‘ Haram” is ‘‘ Pyramid.” This hill is not a pyramid 
nor is it pyramidal in appearance, although the buttes of horizontal 
limestone commonly assume a conical form. Nor is there any pyra- 
mid in Egypt (with one insignificant exception) to the south of the 
point where the Bahr Jousuf, which branches from the Nile at Siut, 
turns into that Western Oasis which has been identified with Pithom 
and the land of Goshen. Being without any European servant or com- 
panion, I could only satisfy myself that this hill of limestone streaked 
with gypsum was in a valley considerably below the level of the Nile. 
On April 4, I visited the Eastern part, and Mr. FLINDERS PETRIE, who 
accompanied me, assured me that it was not less than 250 feet below 
the level of the Nile, or about 180 feet below the Mediterranean. If 
filled with water, it would have the shape shown on the accompanying 
maps. This valley is not marked on any map prior to my auto- 
graph map, published in the June Proceedings of the Society of Bibli- 
cal Archeology (1882). My belief in its existence was due to the 
ancient records of a Lake Meeris containing a pyramid-island, and a 
mu amenti nti mar, ‘‘ the water of the lake of the West,” with a canal 
ascribed by tradition to the patriarch Joseph or toa King Mén. The 
lake or Birket marked on the map in the northern half of the same 
depression is stated in the books as about the level of the Mediterra- 
nean. On March 12, 1883, I ran a line of levels, aided by an Italian 
engineer, M. GASPERONI, with instruments furnished by the Cadastre, 
between the highest level of recent alluvial deposit and the lake. It 
