158 TRANSACTIONS OF THE [mAT 5, 



termites upon the Isthmus shows that measures which may be 

 effectual against one genus may not be so against another, and 

 in order to carry out practical measures to check their destruc- 

 tiveness it is necessary to designate each genus so tliat ordinary 

 workmen can distinguish them. In my paper of last year I 

 stated that Eutermes was made a subgenus of Termes by Heer, 

 owing to the peculiar venation of their wings. This means of 

 classification included in the same genus species having soldiers 

 with mandibles and species having soldiers with beaks, of 

 different habits. On the Isthmus the venation of the wings is 

 not constant, nor can winged insects be found at all times of the 

 year. In my first paper I proposed to call all the species having 

 soldiers with beaks Eutermes. This did not avoid the confu- 

 sion, and I now call them Nasutitermes — soldier-nosed Ter- 

 mes. 



Tlie Gemis Termes. — The workmen know,' when they break 

 a gallery and find a number of mandibulate soldiers, the nest 

 is likely to be near and inside some post or beam, unless it should 

 be the species Termes columnaris, Beaumont, in which case it 

 will be an earth-nest. 



The Germs Nasutitermes. — When they break a gallery and 

 find soldiers with a beak, the nest may be a long distance away, 

 50 to 200 feet, and will be outside of the timbers, and the 

 workmen know they are Nasutitermes. 



Calotermes. — If the workmen do not find exterior galleries, 

 but a few little pellets of wood on the floor, they know the Calo- 

 termes are in the wood. 



For each genus the treatment must be different, and these 

 simple designations for classification can be readily understood 

 by those who must deal with the subject practically. In the 

 former paper many of the intelligent habits of the termites, 

 especially of the genus Nasutitermes, were described and illus- 

 trated. Wonderful as they were, continued observations show 

 many more far surpassing in interest those first described. 



The large numbers of queens found in a single nest, — from two 

 to fifty-five in the Nasutitermes, — is astonishing. In the genus 

 Termes not only have a number of queens been found, but the 

 surprising fact of another series of auxiliary queens as well. 



In studying the observations of Mr. Charles Lespes upon 

 Termes lucifugus in 1854 at Bordeaux, he designated large and 

 small kings and queens. Dr. Fritz Miiller, at Itahy, Brazil, in 

 1872, confirmed Lespes' statement. These statements I com- 

 municated to Mr. Beaumont, and had him search for the auxil- 

 iary queens, and after opening many nests he found among the 

 species of Termes columnaris, Beaumont, and Termes minimus, 

 Beaumont, the two distinct forms of kings and queens. 



