40 Proceedings 
‘The race of worthless unemployable Satyrs’ as Hesiod ( frag. 
13,2) calls them, were known by several names, as sodades, ‘those 
who move about restlessly and violently,’ as skzrto/, ‘leapers,’ and 
as satyroi, perhaps ‘the lascivious ones’ (cf. sathe). They were 
chiefly known to the pre-Dorian population of the N.E. Pelo- 
ponnese, but have been so blended with the Seileni that they 
cannot be altogether distinguished. The story of Midas, the 
legendary king of Phrygia, offers some interesting features. He 
is represented with the ears of a Satyr or of an ass, and was indeed 
related to the Satyrs. He led the Phrygians into Asia from Mount 
Bermius in Macedonia. It was here that a Seilenos was captured 
while drunk, brought to him and induced to prophesy.* Accord- 
ing to another account he caught a Satyr by mixing wine in a 
wellt. This incident not only recalls what has been said about 
the Centaurs and Cyclopes, but appears to connect the Greek 
or Thracian storiesf withstill current folk-tales of Central Europe. 
Wilhelm Mannhardt in his great work Wald- und Feldkulte 
(vol. 1., 1875, pp. 96ff., 112ff.) has drawn attention to this con- 
nection. He has collected a great number of current or recent 
tales from the Alpine lands and elsewhere relative to similar beings. 
They are known in the Grisons and Tyrol as Wildleute, Wald- 
finken, Geissler, (¢.e. goatherds), and Sa/vane/, and near Mantua 
as Gente salvatica. They are described as very strong and mon- 
strous, with hideous faces, the mouth in some cases extending 
from ear to ear. Their bodies, which are naked or girt round 
the loins with skins, are covered with hair and bristles, and the 
hair of the head falls down the back. In the Mantuan version 
they have tails. They inhabit caves in the forests or mountains 
(e.g. the Eichelberg in Baden), and fight with stones or with 
pine-trees which they have torn up. Some are lascivious, others 
are cannibals and carry off men or children to devour, like the 
Silvani of the Romans, who crept into houses for this purpose. 
But they have a milder side to their character. They tend goats 
on the Alpine pastures in return for wages of milk or cheese 
* Herodotus viii. 138. 
+ Philostratus, Vita Apollon., vi. 27. 
+ For the above Greek beliefs concerning Centaurs, Satyrs, etc., cf. 
Roscher, Lex. der Mythol., Preller, Griech. Mythol., O. Gruppe, 
Griech. Culten u. Mythen. 
